A survey of 261 college freshman students, including both men and women, and students from a first-year nursing course and non-nursing courses, was used to better understand perceptions of nursing as a potential career path for both male and female students. Participants were asked to answer questions as though they were helping either a fellow female student (Kim) or a fellow male student (Ken) think through choosing nursing as a career path. Three male nursing students and 37 female nursing students were asked to fill out both the "Kim" version and the "Ken" version and 73 of those surveys were completed (p. 34). The students surveyed in the non-nursing classes (83 men, 105 women) were given only one version of the survey to fill out, with an equal number of the "Kim" version and the "Ken" version being handed out randomly (p. 31). Statistical analysis showed that males rated nursing significantly less likely to meet present and future needs than did their female counterparts. Surprisingly, the gender of the subject in the survey ("Kim" or "Ken") did not influence the perception of the respondent. In other words, student response did not significantly change depending on whether the student thought the survey subject they were answering questions about was male or female.

The decade ahead will test the nation's nearly 4 million nurses in new and complex ways. Nurses live and work at the intersection of health, education, and communities. Nurses work in a wide array of settings and practice at a range of professional levels. They are often the first and most frequent line of contact with people of all backgrounds and experiences seeking care and they represent the largest of the health care professions. A nation cannot fully thrive until everyone - no matter who they are, where they live, or how much money they make - can live their healthiest possible life, and helping people live their healthiest life is and has always been the essential role of nurses. Nurses have a critical role to play in achieving the goal of health equity, but they need robust education, supportive work environments, and autonomy. Accordingly, at the request of the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, on behalf of the National Academy of Medicine, an ad hoc committee under the auspices of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine conducted a study aimed at envisioning and charting a path forward for the nursing profession to help reduce inequities in people's ability to achieve their full health potential. The ultimate goal is the achievement of health equity in the United States built on strengthened nursing capacity and expertise. By leveraging these attributes, nursing will help to create and contribute comprehensively to equitable public health and health care systems that are designed to work for everyone. The Future of Nursing 2020-2030: Charting a Path to Achieve Health Equity explores how nurses can work to reduce health disparities and promote equity, while keeping costs at bay, utilizing technology, and maintaining patient and family-focused care into 2030. This work builds on the foundation set out by The Future of Nursing: Leading Change, Advancing Health (2011) report.

In this paper we use micro-level data on employers and employees to investigate whether Affirmative Action procedures lead firms to hire minority or female employees who are less qualified than workers who might otherwise be hired. Our measures of qualifications include the educational attainment of the workers hired (both absolutely and relative to job requirements), skill requirements of the job into which they are hired, and a variety of outcome measures that are presumably related to worker performance on the job. The analysis is based on a representative sample of over 3,200 employers in four major metropolitan areas in the U.S. Our results show some evidence of lower educational qualifications among blacks and Hispanics hired under Affirmative Action, but not among white women. Further, our results show little evidence of substantially weaker job performance among most groups of minority and female Affirmative Action hires.

CLINICAL LEADERSHIP IN NURSING AND HEALTHCARE Clinical Leadership in Nursing and Healthcare offers a range of tools and topics that support and foster clinically focused nurses and other healthcare professionals to develop their leadership skills and strategies. The textbook is helpfully divided into three parts: information on the attributes of clinical leaders, the tools healthcare students and staff can use to develop their leadership potential, and clinical leadership issues. It also outlines a number of principles, frameworks, and topics that support nurses and healthcare professionals to develop and deliver effective clinical care as clinical leaders. Lastly, each chapter has a range of reflective questions and self-assessments to help consolidate learning. The newly revised third edition has been updated in light of recent key changes in health service approaches to care and values. While it covers a wide spectrum of practical topics, Clinical Leadership in Nursing and Healthcare also includes information on: Theories of leadership and management, organisational culture, gender, generational issues and leaders, project management, quality initiatives, and working in teams Managing change, effective clinical decision making, how to network and delegate, how to deal with conflict, and implementing evidence-based practice Congruent leadership, the link between values and actions, authentic leadership, leaving behind control as an objective, and managing power Why decisions go wrong, techniques for developing creativity, barriers to creativity, conflict resolution and management, negotiation, self-talk, and leading in a crisis With expert input from a diverse collection of experienced contributors, Clinical Leadership in Nursing and Healthcare is an invaluable resource for new leaders trying to establish themselves and existing leaders looking to perform at a higher level when it comes to quality and effective patient care.

"An additional assumption was that the processes for theory development were new to nursing and hence, nurses in graduate programs learned strategies for advancing knowledge from other disciplines. This assumption was debunked with the knowledge that nurses were always engaged in knowledge development, driven by their experiences in clinical practice. Because of these assumptions, most of the early writing about theory development was about outlining strategies that should be used, rather than strategies that have already been used in the discipline to develop theories. Theorists themselves did not uncover or adequately discuss ways by which they developed their theories, therefore the tendency was to describe processes that were based on theories developed in other disciplines, mainly the physical and social sciences. And an implicit assumption was made that there should be a single strategy for theory development, some claiming to begin the process from practice, and others believing it should be driven by research"--Provided by publisher.

The literature on gender and professions shows that professional careers continue to be impacted by gender – albeit with important differences among professions and countries. Much less researched is the issue of the significance of gender and age-cohort or generation to professional work. Gender, Age and Inequality in the Professions explores men’s and women’s experiences of professional work and careers through an intersectional lens by focusing on the intersection of gender and age. The chapters explore different professions – including Medicine, Nursing, Law, Academia, Information Technology and Engineering – in different Western countries, in the present and over time. Through original research, and critical re-analysis of existing research, each of the chapters explores the significance of gender and age-cohort or generation to professional work, with particular attention to professionals just entering professional careers, those building professional careers, and comparisons of men and women in professions across generational cohorts. The book contributes to literature on inequalities in the professions by demonstrating the ways in which gender and age converge to confer privilege and produce disadvantage, and the ways in which gender inequality is reproduced, and disrupted, through the activities of professionals on the job. The book constitutes a departure point for future research in terms of theoretical perspectives and empirical findings on how gendered and age-related processes are produced and reproduced in particular organisational, professional and socio-cultural contexts. To enhance generational understanding, relationships and collaboration in educational institutions, organisations and professions, the book ends with a section on policy recommendations for educators, professionals, professional organisations as well as policy- and decision-makers. This book will also appeal to students and researchers in the fields of Sociology, Gender Studies, Organisational and Management Studies, Law, Medicine, Engineering and Information Technology as well as related disciplines.

- NEW! Revamped two-colour layout improves readability and visual appeal. - NEW! Expanded and updated art program incorporates more vivid and up-to-date photos, charts, and graphs throughout the text. - NEW! Coverage of the latest top-of-mind topics hits on historical colonialism vis-a-vis Canada's Indigenous population and its impact on nursing education; how nursing education will respond to the Calls to Action set forth by the Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC); (MAID) Medical Assistance in Dying, and much more. - NEW! Separate chapters on Indigenous health and gender allows for greater attention to be placed on cultural diversity, feminism, and men's roles. - NEW! Personal Perspectives boxes start each chapter and present real-world topics and situations to pique your interest in chapter content and stimulate critical thinking. - NEW! Case studies added across the text help you apply theory to practice. - NEW! Gender Considerations boxes and Cultural Considerations boxes are threaded throughout all applicable text chapters to ensure you are well-grounded in how race, ethnicity, culture, and gender identity affects the patient experience. - NEW! Balanced coast-to-coast Canadian coverage now includes the CAN 2017 Code of Ethics and updated CASN Standards.