Gaussian Markov Random Fields

Gaussian Markov Random Fields
Title Gaussian Markov Random Fields PDF eBook
Author Havard Rue
Publisher CRC Press
Pages 280
Release 2005-02-18
Genre Mathematics
ISBN 0203492021

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Gaussian Markov Random Field (GMRF) models are most widely used in spatial statistics - a very active area of research in which few up-to-date reference works are available. This is the first book on the subject that provides a unified framework of GMRFs with particular emphasis on the computational aspects. This book includes extensive case-studie

Gaussian Markov Random Fields

Gaussian Markov Random Fields
Title Gaussian Markov Random Fields PDF eBook
Author Havard Rue
Publisher CRC Press
Pages 242
Release 2005-02-18
Genre Mathematics
ISBN 1498718671

Download Gaussian Markov Random Fields Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle

Gaussian Markov Random Field (GMRF) models are most widely used in spatial statistics - a very active area of research in which few up-to-date reference works are available. This is the first book on the subject that provides a unified framework of GMRFs with particular emphasis on the computational aspects. This book includes extensive case-studie

Scalable Bayesian spatial analysis with Gaussian Markov random fields

Scalable Bayesian spatial analysis with Gaussian Markov random fields
Title Scalable Bayesian spatial analysis with Gaussian Markov random fields PDF eBook
Author Per Sidén
Publisher Linköping University Electronic Press
Pages 53
Release 2020-08-17
Genre
ISBN 9179298184

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Accurate statistical analysis of spatial data is important in many applications. Failing to properly account for spatial autocorrelation may often lead to false conclusions. At the same time, the ever-increasing sizes of spatial datasets pose a great computational challenge, as many standard methods for spatial analysis are limited to a few thousand data points. In this thesis, we explore how Gaussian Markov random fields (GMRFs) can be used for scalable analysis of spatial data. GMRFs are closely connected to the commonly used Gaussian processes, but have sparsity properties that make them computationally cheap both in time and memory. The Bayesian framework enables a GMRF to be used as a spatial prior, comprising the assumption of smooth variation over space, and gives a principled way to estimate the parameters and propagate uncertainty. We develop new algorithms that enable applying GMRF priors in 3D to the brain activity inherent in functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data, with millions of observations. We show that our methods are both faster and more accurate than previous work. A method for approximating selected elements of the inverse precision matrix (i.e. the covariance matrix) is also proposed, which is important for evaluating the posterior uncertainty. In addition, we establish a link between GMRFs and deep convolutional neural networks, which have been successfully used in countless machine learning tasks for images, resulting in a deep GMRF model. Finally, we show how GMRFs can be used in real-time robotic search and rescue operations, for modeling the spatial distribution of injured persons. Tillförlitlig statistisk analys av spatiala data är viktigt inom många tillämpningar. Om inte korrekt hänsyn tas till spatial autokorrelation kan det ofta leda till felaktiga slutsatser. Samtidigt ökar ständigt storleken på de spatiala datamaterialen vilket utgör en stor beräkningsmässig utmaning, eftersom många standardmetoder för spatial analys är begränsade till några tusental datapunkter. I denna avhandling utforskar vi hur Gaussiska Markov-fält (eng: Gaussian Markov random fields, GMRF) kan användas för mer skalbara analyser av spatiala data. GMRF-modeller är nära besläktade med de ofta använda Gaussiska processerna, men har gleshetsegenskaper som gör dem beräkningsmässigt effektiva både vad gäller tids- och minnesåtgång. Det Bayesianska synsättet gör det möjligt att använda GMRF som en spatial prior som innefattar antagandet om långsam spatial variation och ger ett principiellt tillvägagångssätt för att skatta parametrar och propagera osäkerhet. Vi utvecklar nya algoritmer som gör det möjligt att använda GMRF-priors i 3D för den hjärnaktivitet som indirekt kan observeras i hjärnbilder framtagna med tekniken fMRI, som innehåller milliontals datapunkter. Vi visar att våra metoder är både snabbare och mer korrekta än tidigare forskning. En metod för att approximera utvalda element i den inversa precisionsmatrisen (dvs. kovariansmatrisen) framförs också, vilket är viktigt för att kunna evaluera osäkerheten i posteriorn. Vidare gör vi en koppling mellan GMRF och djupa neurala faltningsnätverk, som har använts framgångsrikt för mängder av bildrelaterade problem inom maskininlärning, vilket mynnar ut i en djup GMRF-modell. Slutligen visar vi hur GMRF kan användas i realtid av autonoma drönare för räddningsinsatser i katastrofområden för att modellera den spatiala fördelningen av skadade personer.

Some Basic Results on the Use of Gaussian Markov Random Fields in Image Modelling

Some Basic Results on the Use of Gaussian Markov Random Fields in Image Modelling
Title Some Basic Results on the Use of Gaussian Markov Random Fields in Image Modelling PDF eBook
Author Sridhar Lakshmanan
Publisher
Pages 248
Release 1991
Genre Gaussian processes
ISBN

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The Geometry of Random Fields

The Geometry of Random Fields
Title The Geometry of Random Fields PDF eBook
Author Robert J. Adler
Publisher SIAM
Pages 295
Release 2010-01-28
Genre Mathematics
ISBN 0898716934

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An important treatment of the geometric properties of sets generated by random fields, including a comprehensive treatment of the mathematical basics of random fields in general. It is a standard reference for all researchers with an interest in random fields, whether they be theoreticians or come from applied areas.

Markov Random Fields

Markov Random Fields
Title Markov Random Fields PDF eBook
Author Rama Chellappa
Publisher
Pages 608
Release 1993
Genre Mathematics
ISBN

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Introduces the theory and application of Markov random fields in image processing/computer vision. Modelling images through the local interaction of Markov models produces algorithms for use in texture analysis, image synthesis, restoration, segmentation and surface reconstruction.

Another Look at Conditionally Gaussian Markov Random Fields

Another Look at Conditionally Gaussian Markov Random Fields
Title Another Look at Conditionally Gaussian Markov Random Fields PDF eBook
Author Michael Lavine
Publisher
Pages 34
Release 1998*
Genre Gaussian processes
ISBN

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