This book focuses on the fundamental phenomena at nanoscale. It covers synthesis, properties, characterization and computer modelling of nanomaterials, nanotechnologies, bionanotechnology, involving nanodevices. Further topics are imaging, measuring, modeling and manipulating of low dimensional matter at nanoscale. The topics covered in the book are of vital importance in a wide range of modern and emerging technologies employed or to be employed in most industries, communication, healthcare, energy, conservation , biology, medical science, food, environment, and education, and consequently have great impact on our society.

Bionanomaterials are molecular materials composed partially or completely of biological molecules, key biological structures, such as proteins, enzymes, viruses, DNA, biopolymers as well as metal, metal oxides, and carbon nanomaterials with characteristic bioactivity. Bionanomaterials have drawn much attention for their use in a wide range of industrial applications from scaffolds, dental implants, drug delivery, dialysis, biobatteries, biofuel cells, air purification, and water treatment. Therefore, the intensive current research in this area is driven towards the designing and functionalization of bionanomaterials for industrial applications. Fundamentals of Bionanomaterials covers the fundamental aspects, experimental setup, synthesis, properties, and characterization of the different types of bionanomaterial. It discusses the different structure and unique properties of bionanomaterials that can be obtained by modifying their morphology and composition, highlighting a wide range of fabrication techniques of bionanomaterials and critical processing parameters. This is an important reference source for all those seeking to gain a solid understanding of the characterization, properties and processing a variety of bionanomaterial classes. - Explains the major properties and characterization techniques for a range of bionanomaterial classes - Discusses the commercialization of different types of bionanomaterials for a variety of industry sectors - Highlights the challenges and interdisciplinary perspective of bionanomaterials in science, biology, engineering, medicine, and technology, incorporating both fundamentals and applications

Symposium C, "Fundamentals of Low-Dimensional Carbon Nanomaterials," was held Nov. 29-Dec. 3 at the 2010 MRS Fall Meeting in Boston, Massachusetts. This resultant proceedings volume includes topics such as growth techniques for CNTs and graphene, structural characterization, novel properties, and interface & surface structures. Low-dimensional carbon nanostructures exhibit a rich structural diversity from zero-dimensional C60, one-dimensional carbon nanotubes (CNTs), and two-dimensional graphene and graphite oxides. These low-dimensional carbon nanostructures are at the forefront of materials science and provide a platform for understanding the growth mechanisms and properties of nanostructures in general. They exhibit novel properties with endless potential applications from high-speed electronics to high-performance composites. Although low-dimensional carbon nanomaterials have attracted great interest in the research community, the applications and commercialization of graphene and CNTs have, to date, not been as successful as anticipated. The need for significant improvements in material quality and structural uniformity exists.

This book presents synthesis techniques for the preparation of low-dimensional nanomaterials including 0D (quantum dots), 1D (nanowires, nanotubes) and 2D (thin films, few layers), as well as their potential applications in nanoelectronic systems. It focuses on the size effects involved in the transition from bulk materials to nanomaterials; the electronic properties of nanoscale devices; and different classes of nanomaterials from microelectronics to nanoelectronics, to molecular electronics. Furthermore, it demonstrates the structural stability, physical, chemical, magnetic, optical, electrical, thermal, electronic and mechanical properties of the nanomaterials. Subsequent chapters address their characterization, fabrication techniques from lab-scale to mass production, and functionality. In turn, the book considers the environmental impact of nanotechnology and novel applications in the mechanical industries, energy harvesting, clean energy, manufacturing materials, electronics, transistors, health and medical therapy. In closing, it addresses the combination of biological systems with nanoelectronics and highlights examples of nanoelectronic–cell interfaces and other advanced medical applications. The book answers the following questions: • What is different at the nanoscale? • What is new about nanoscience? • What are nanomaterials (NMs)? • What are the fundamental issues in nanomaterials? • Where are nanomaterials found? • What nanomaterials exist in nature? • What is the importance of NMs in our lives? • Why so much interest in nanomaterials? • What is at nanoscale in nanomaterials? • What is graphene? • Are pure low-dimensional systems interesting and worth pursuing? • Are nanotechnology products currently available? • What are sensors? • How can Artificial Intelligence (AI) and nanotechnology work together? • What are the recent advances in nanoelectronic materials? • What are the latest applications of NMs?

1. Functionalization of graphene / Nikolaos Karousis, Solon Economopoulos and Nikos Tagmatarchis -- 2. Advanced carbon materials for electrochemical energy conversion and storage / Junbo Hou [und weitere] -- 3. Carbon nanomaterial-based molecular architectures for light energy conversion / Taku Hasobe -- 4. Electrochemistry of carbon nanostructures: from pristine materials to functional devices / Matteo Iurlo [und weitere] -- 5. Fullerene-based self-assembled morphological materials / Yanfei Shen, Junko Aimi and Takashi Nakanishi -- 6. Hybrids involving fullerenes and carbon nanotubes / Maria Vizuete [und weitere] -- 7. Semiconductor carbon nanotube optics / Lisa J. Nogaj, Libai Huang and Todd D. Krauss -- 8. Near-field optics of SWNTs and FRET in their nanoscale complexes / Tetyana Ignatova, Andrei M. Nemilentsau and Slava V. Rotkin -- 9. Understanding the role of the metal catalyst in carbon nanotube growth: towards chiral-selective growth of single-walled carbon nanotubes / Wei-Hung Chiang and R. Mohan Sankaran -- 10. Stability computations for fullerenes and metallofullerenes / Zdenek Slanina [und weitere]

Fundamentals and Applications of Nonlinear Nanophotonics includes key concepts of nonlinear nanophotonics, computational and modeling techniques to design these materials, and the latest advances. This book addresses the scientific literature on nanophotonics while most existing books focus almost exclusively on the linear aspects of light-matter interaction at the nanoscale. Sections cover nonlinear optics of sub-wavelength photonic nanostructured materials, review nonlinear optics of bound-states in the continuum, nonlinear optics of chiral plasmonic metasurfaces, nonlinear hyperbolic nanomaterials, nonlinear topological photonics, plasmonic lattice solitons, and more. This book is suitable for academics and industry professionals working in the discipline of materials science, engineering and nanotechnology. - Discusses advances in nonlinear optics research such as plasmonics, topological photonics and emerging materials - Reviews the latest computational methods to model and design nonlinear photonic materials - Introduces key principles of advanced concepts in nonlinear optics of bound-states in a continuum and symmetries in nonlinear nano-optics

This volume is a tribute to the career of Prof. Mildred Dresselhaus. It focuses on the optical properties and spectroscopy of single-wall carbon nanotubes. It contains chapters on diverse experimental and theoretical aspects of the field, written by internationally recognized experts. The volume serves as an important resource for researchers and students interested in carbon nanotubes.