Electron energy loss spectroscopy (ELS) is a vast subject with a long and honorable history. The problem of stopping power for high energy particles interested the earliest pioneers of quantum mechanics such as Bohr and Bethe, who laid the theoretical foun dations of the subject. The experimental origins might perhaps be traced to the original Franck-Hertz experiment. The modern field includes topics as diverse as low energy reflection electron energy loss studies of surface vibrational modes, the spectroscopy of gases and the modern theory of plasmon excitation in crystals. For the study of ELS in electron microscopy, several historically distinct areas of physics are relevant, including the theory of the Debye Waller factor for virtual inelastic scattering, the use of complex optical potentials, lattice dynamics for crystalline specimens and the theory of atomic ionisation for isolated atoms. However the field of electron energy loss spectroscopy contains few useful texts which can be recommended for students. With the recent appearance of Raether's and Egerton's hooks (see text for references), we have for the first time both a comprehensive review text-due to Raether-and a lucid introductory text which emphasizes experimental aspects-due to Egerton. Raether's text tends to emphasize the recent work on surface plasmons, while the strength of Egerton's book is its treatment of inner shell excitations for microanalysis, based on the use of atomic wavefunctions for crystal electrons.

This book explains concepts of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and x-ray diffractometry (XRD) that are important for the characterization of materials. The fourth edition adds important new techniques of TEM such as electron tomography, nanobeam diffraction, and geometric phase analysis. A new chapter on neutron scattering completes the trio of x-ray, electron and neutron diffraction. All chapters were updated and revised for clarity. The book explains the fundamentals of how waves and wavefunctions interact with atoms in solids, and the similarities and differences of using x-rays, electrons, or neutrons for diffraction measurements. Diffraction effects of crystalline order, defects, and disorder in materials are explained in detail. Both practical and theoretical issues are covered. The book can be used in an introductory-level or advanced-level course, since sections are identified by difficulty. Each chapter includes a set of problems to illustrate principles, and the extensive Appendix includes laboratory exercises.

Self-contained and comprehensive, this is the definitive guide to the theory behind X-ray spectroscopy.

A graduate level textbook covering the fundamentals of conventional transmission electron microscopy, first published in 2003.

This book explains concepts of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and x-ray diffractometry (XRD) that are important for the characterization of materials. The fourth edition adds important new techniques of TEM such as electron tomography, nanobeam diffraction, and geometric phase analysis. A new chapter on neutron scattering completes the trio of x-ray, electron and neutron diffraction. All chapters were updated and revised for clarity. The book explains the fundamentals of how waves and wavefunctions interact with atoms in solids, and the similarities and differences of using x-rays, electrons, or neutrons for diffraction measurements. Diffraction effects of crystalline order, defects, and disorder in materials are explained in detail. Both practical and theoretical issues are covered. The book can be used in an introductory-level or advanced-level course, since sections are identified by difficulty. Each chapter includes a set of problems to illustrate principles, and the extensive Appendix includes laboratory exercises.

Quantum mechanics was already an old and solidly established subject when the first edition of this book appeared in 1966. The context in which a graduate text on quantum mechanics is studied today has changed a good deal, however. In 1966, most entering physics graduate students had a quite limited exposure to quan tum mechanics in the form of wave mechanics. Today the standard undergraduate curriculum contains a large dose of elementary quantum mechanics, and often intro duces the abstract formalism due to Dirac. Back then, the study of the foundations by theorists and experimenters was close to dormant, and very few courses spent any time whatever on this topic. At that very time, however, John Bell's famous theorem broke the ice, and there has been a great flowering ever since, especially in the laboratory thanks to the development of quantum optics, and more recently because of the interest in quantum computing. And back then, the Feynman path integral was seen by most as a very imaginative but rather useless formulation of quantum mechanics, whereas it now plays a large role in statistical physics and quantum field theory, especially in computational work. For these and other reasons, this book is not just a revision of the 1966 edition. It has been rewritten throughout, is differently organized, and goes into greater depth on many topics that were in the old edition.