The primary objective of the NATO Advanced Study Institute (ASI) titled “Functionalized Nanoscale Materials, Devices, and Systems for Chem. -Bio Sensors, Photonics, and Energy Generation and Storage” was to present a contemporary and comprehensive overview of the field of nanostructured materials and devices and its applications in chem. -bio sensors, nanophotonics, and energy generation and storage devices. The study has become one of the most promising disciplines in science and technology, as it aims at the fundamental understanding of new physical, che- cal, and biological properties of systems and the technological advances arising from their exploration. Such systems are intermediate in size, between the isolated atoms and molecules and bulk material, where the unique transitional characteristics between the two can be understood, controlled, and manipulated. Nanotechnologies refer to the creation and utilization of functional materials, devices, and systems with novel properties and functions that are achieved through the control of matter, atom-by-atom, molecule-by-molecule, or at a micro-mo- cular level. Advances made over the last few years provide new opportunities for scientific and technological developments in nanostructures and nanosystems with new architectures with improved functionality. The field is very actively and rapidly evolving and covers a wide range of disciplines. Recently, various nanoscale materials, devices, and systems with remarkable properties have been developed, with numerous unique applications in chemical and biological sensors, nanophotonics, nano-biotechnology, and in-vivo analysis of cellular processes at the nanoscale.

Many potential questions regarding the risks associated with the development and use of wide-ranging technologies enabled through engineered nanomaterials. For example, with over 600 consumer products available globally, what information exists that describes their risk to human health and the environment? What en- neering or use controls can be deployed to minimize the potential environmental health and safety impacts of nanomaterials throughout the manufacturing and product lifecycles? How can the potential environmental and health benefits of nanotechnology be realized and maximized? The idea for this book was conceived at the NATO Advanced Research Workshop (ARW) on “Nanomaterials: Environmental Risks and Benefits and Emerging Consumer Products. ” This meeting – held in Algarve, Portugal, in April 2008 – started with building a foundation to harmonize risks and benefits associated with nanomaterials to develop risk management approaches and policies. More than 70 experts, from 19 countries, in the fields of risk assessment, decision-analysis, and security discussed the current state-of-knowledge with regard to nanomaterial risk and benefits. The discussion focused on the adequacy of available risk assessment tools to guide nanomaterial applications in industry and risk governance. The workshop had five primary purposes: Describe the potential benefits of nanotechnology enabled commercial products. Identify and describe what is known about environmental and human health risks of nanomaterials and approaches to assess their safety. Assess the suitability of multicriteria decision analysis for reconciling the benefits and risks of nanotechnology.

Environmental devices help in monitoring the collection of one or more measurements that are used to access the status of an environment. Today, environmental monitoring and analytical methods are among the most rapidly developing branches of analysis. The functionalization of nanomaterials in the field of environmental science has increasing importance with regards to the fabrication of devices. Functionalized nanomaterials reformulate new materials and advanced characteristics for improved application in comparison to old fashion materials and open an opportunity for the development of devices for introducing new technology and techniques for monitoring environmental challenges. The monitoring of these environmental challenges in advances have direct impact on health and sustainability. Functionalized nanomaterials have different mechanical, absorption, optical or electrical properties than original nanomaterials. In fact, major utilization of nanomaterials occurs in their functionalized forms, which are very different from the parent material. This handbook provides an overview of the different state-of-the-art materials, devices and environmental applications of functionalized nanomaterials. In addition, the information offers a platform for ongoing research in the field of environmental science and device fabrication. The main objective of this book is to cover the major areas focusing on the functionalization of nanomaterials, device fabrication along with different techniques and environmental applications of functionalized nanomaterials-based devices. This is an important reference source for materials scientists, engineers and environmental scientsts who are looking to increase their understanding of how functionalized nanomaterial-based devices are being used for environmental monitoring applications. - Helps the reader to understand the basic principles of functionalization of nanomaterials - Highlights fabrication and characterization methods for functionalized nanomaterials-based environmental monitoring devices - Assesses the major challenges of creating devices using functionalized nanomaterials on a mass scale

Biomedical Applications of Functionalized Nanomaterials: Concepts, Development and Clinical Translation presents a concise overview of the most promising nanomaterials functionalized with ligands for biomedical applications. The first section focuses on current strategies for identifying biological targets and screening of ligand to optimize anchoring to nanomaterials, providing the foundation for the remaining parts. Section Two covers specific applications of functionalized nanomaterials in therapy and diagnostics, highlighting current practice and addressing major challenges, in particular, case studies of successfully developed and marketed functionalized nanomaterials. The final section focuses on regulatory issues and clinical translation, providing a legal framework for their use in biomedicine. This book is an important reference source for worldwide drug and medical devices policymakers, biomaterials scientists and regulatory bodies.

The technological developments of recent years have influenced both the threat of terrorist attacks and the defence against them, and continue to be the focus of attention. Terrorist groups are not slow to exploit new technological developments and adapt them to their own ends, and the forces of counterterrorism cannot afford to fall behind in their understanding of potential threats. This book presents the proceedings of the NATO Centre of Excellence – Defence against Terrorism (COE–DAT) Advanced Research Workshop, "Technological Dimensions of Defence against Terrorism", held in Ankara, Turkey, in November 2011. Seventeen expert speakers from four countries – military and civilian practitioners, business leaders, researchers and academics – delivered a series of papers in sessions on: understanding the challenges; the role of technology in terrorist attacks; and the role of technology against terrorist attacks. The topics covered include: a brief history of terrorism and technology; technological advances and the impact on terrorism and counterterrorism efforts; the role of the commercial world in the defence against terrorism; transportation technology and its effects on the nature of terrorist attacks; terrorist threats to critical energy infrastructure technology and protection systems. The book is a significant contribution to the field of counterterrorism, and will be of interest to all those whose work involves the relationship between technology and terrorism.

The greatest benefits of nanoscale additive manufacturing lie in biomedicine, smart devices/sensors, energy harvesting, aerospace, and manufacturing. This book explores the recent applications of functionalized nanomaterials-based additive manufacturing to benefit different manufacturing domains, including design and process aspects, as well as outlining major application areas. This book summarizes recent progress of functionalized nanomaterials-based additive manufacturing on both an experimental and a theoretical model level. Though nanomaterials can be fabricated by bottom-up and top-down approaches (techniques include lithography, photolithography, and micro-machining), the applications of additive manufacturing processes are increasing at an exponential rate and therefore, the demand for high-performance materials has been greatly increasing. Recent applications covered in this book include biomedicine, aerospace, automobile, waste recycling, and energy storage devices. Environmental, regulatory and safety issues are also discussed. This book is an important reference source for materials scientists and engineers who are seeking to improve their understanding of how functionalized nanomaterials are playing an increasingly important role in the additive manufacturing process. Brings together recent innovations and practices of nanomaterials in additive manufacturing processes Outlines major nanomaterials-based additive manufacturing techniques Discusses major applications in a range of industry sectors, including in energy, automotive and biomedicine

NANOMATERIALS AND NANOTECHNOLOGY IN MEDICINE A comprehensive introduction to nanomaterials and their application in the field of medicine The use of nanotechnology and nanomaterials more generally is an emerging field that has generated a lot of interest in the last few years. To this point, there have been few books that deal with the recent advances in nanomaterials or nanocomposites in the medical discipline. Intended as a one-stop reference, Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology in Medicine provides the reader with the most-up-to-date and comprehensive exploration of the field of nanomedicine. The scope of the topic is huge, with nano applications in every medical specialization—from diagnostics to pharmaceuticals, from biological therapies to surgical devices, and from regenerative therapies to gene therapy. As such, this volume provides the most comprehensive coverage of this intriguing field of study. Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology in Medicine readers will also find: An application-oriented book dedicated towards helping researchers find solutions to both fundamental and applied problems Chapters written by leading researchers from industry, academy, government, and private research institutions across the globe Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology in Medicine is a useful reference for medical doctors, medical practitioners, post-doctoral research fellows, senior graduate students, and medical libraries.