Thermal comfort is an essential property in almost every clothing application due to the wearer’s physiological need. The thermal microclimate between the body and the external environment can be regulated by clothing systems. There are various functional requirements for clothing systems for different applications. In particular, the huge demand of high-performance and smart clothing has raised up the development of new fibrous systems with better functionalities, of which, moisture and liquid transport properties are of critical importance. In this dissertation, several new fibrous materials with controlled moisture and liquid transport properties are developed for better thermal comfort. Firstly, a superhydrophilic wrinkle-free cotton fabric has been developed via a nanofluid treatment, which solves the dilemma of achieving both wrinkle-free property and superhydrophilicity on a cotton fabric in a conventional wrinkle-free finishing process. Secondly, a “skin-like” fibrous system with directional liquid transport property has been designed via surface finishing and selective plasma treatment; the material is able to directionally transport water from the one side to the other, but repels water absorption or penetration in the opposite direction. Finally, a breathable fabric with smart pores to mimic leaf stomata has been explored via hydrogel coating technique; the artificial stomata has the ability to open and close the pores spontaneously according to the humidity change, therefore provides the self-regulating ability for moisture management. All these developments are based on the material design and surface chemistry to enable the different functionalities for the fibrous systems.

The Textile Progress monograph series provides a critical and comprehensive examination of the origination and application of developments in the textile industry and its products. This issue reviews recent developments in the understanding of the fundamentals of liquid transport phenomena in fibrous materials, and deals with a wide range of issues, many of which are complex and thus still inadequately understood.

Functional and Technical Textiles covers recent advances in technology, properties and performance of high-tech yarns and structures and their applications in different sectors of the smart and technical textile fields. Applications, including many that go beyond apparel, where high tech and functional structural fabrics are used as reinforcements for composites, medical implants and geotextiles are covered. The book also describes the latest technologies for producing versatile products for these diversified applications. Finally, the book makes a survey of the latest research in technical textiles and its various structures, properties and applications in composites, medical textiles, geotextiles, industrial textiles, and more. Draws on the latest industry innovations for the production of new smart and technical textile functionality Explains best practice for testing and for the quality control of technical textiles Provides definitions of key terminologies used in the field and explains the differences between smart and technical textiles

Engineering of High-Performance Textiles discusses the fiber-to-fabric engineering of various textile products. Each chapter focuses on practical guidelines and approaches for common issues in textile research and development. The book discusses high-performance fibers and yarns before presenting the engineering fabrics and architectures needed for particular properties required of high-performance textiles. Properties covered include moisture absorption, pilling resistant knitwear, fire retardant fabrics, camouflage fabrics, insect repellent fabrics, filtration, and many more. Coordinated by two highly distinguished editors, this book is a practical resource for all those engaged in textile research, development and production, for both traditional and new-generation textile products, and for academics involved in research into textile science and technology. Offers a range of perspectives on high-performance textiles from an international team of authors with diverse expertise in academic research, textile development and manufacture Provides systematic and comprehensive coverage of the topic from fabric construction, through product development, to the range of current and potential applications that exploit high-performance textile technology Led by two high-profile editors with many years’ experience in engineering high-performance textiles

Edited by a leading expert in the field with contributions from experienced researchers in fibers and textiles, this handbook reviews the current state of fibrous materials and provides a broad overview of their use in research and development. Volume One focuses on the classes of fibers, their production and characterization, while the second volume concentrates on their applications, including emerging ones in the areas of energy, environmental science and healthcare. Unparalleled knowledge of high relevance to academia and industry.

Seemingly universal geometric forms unite the flow systems of engineering and nature. For example, tree-shaped flows can be seen in computers, lungs, dendritic crystals, urban street patterns, and communication links. In this groundbreaking book, Adrian Bejan considers the design and optimization of engineered systems and discovers a deterministic principle of the generation of geometric form in natural systems. Shape and structure spring from the struggle for better performance in both engineering and nature. This idea is the basis of the new constructal theory: the objective and constraints principle used in engineering is the same mechanism from which the geometry in natural flow systems emerges. From heat exchangers to river channels, the book draws many parallels between the engineered and the natural world. Among the topics covered are mechanical structure, thermal structure, heat trees, ducts and rivers, turbulent structure, and structure in transportation and economics. The numerous illustrations, examples, and homework problems in every chapter make this an ideal text for engineering design courses. Its provocative ideas will also appeal to a broad range of readers in engineering, natural sciences, economics, and business.

This book reviews the key technologies and characteristics of the modern man-made specialty fibers mainly developed in Japan. Since the production of many low-cost man-made fibers shifted to China and other Asian countries, Japanese companies have focused on production of high-quality, high-performance super fibers as well as highly functionalized fibers so-called ‘Shin-gosen’. ZylonTM and DyneemaTM manufactured by Toyobo, TechnoraTM produced by Teijin, and VectranTM developed by Kuraray are those examples of super fibers. Carbon fibers ToraycaTM from Toray have occupied the most advanced high-performance application area. Various types of polyester fibers having design-shaped cross-sections and special fiber morphologies and those showing specific physico-chemical properties have also been developed to acquire a high-value textile market of the world. This book describes how these high-tech fibers have been developed and what aspects are the most important in each fiber based on its structure-property relationship. Famous specialists both in industry and academia are responsible for the contents, explaining the design concepts and the special technologies for the production of these special fibers. For university teachers and students, this volume is an excellent textbook that elucidates the basic concepts of modern fibers. At the same time, researchers, both in academia and industry, will find a comprehensive overview of recent man-made fibers. This publication, presenting the most easily understandable general survey of specialty man-made fibers to date, is dedicated to the 70th-anniversary of the Society of Fiber Science and Technology, Japan.