This book reflects on the role of social media in the past two decades in Southeast Asia. It traces the emergence of social media discourse in Southeast Asia, and its potential as a “liberation technology” in both democratizing and authoritarian states. It explains the growing decline in internet freedom and increasingly repressive and manipulative use of social media tools by governments, and argues that social media is now an essential platform for control. The contributors detail the increasing role of “disinformation” and “fake news” production in Southeast Asia, and how national governments are creating laws which attempt to address this trend, but which often exacerbate the situation of state control. From Grassroots Activism to Disinformation explores three main questions: How did social media begin as a vibrant space for grassroots activism to becoming a tool for disinformation? Who were the main actors in this transition: governments, citizens or the platforms themselves? Can reformists “reclaim” the digital public sphere? And if so, how?

Southeast Asia’s Internet users are far more diverse than usually reported. They range from the urban youth with laptops and highspeed Wi-Fi, to the older generation semi-rural and rural users with affordable mobile phones for Facebook and WhatsApp. Southeast Asians generally trust social media platforms more than in Western societies. This trust in social media reflects a lack of trust in local mainstream media and official sources of information. What campaign information (and disinformation) is being spread and which ones are most successful are essential for understanding how voters in Southeast Asia use and trust social media. Social media platforms and Southeast Asia’s “app industry” need clearer and enforced regulation on their use of data and the extent to which they can sell data to advertisers. These advertisers include, but are not limited to, politicians and political parties. Since the future of social media usage will likely lie in closed groups, the role of big data analyses that have dominated research on social media over the past ten years, is likely to regress. Instead, ethnographic scholars who can access these groups and engage with their particular interests and identities are more likely to be useful in understanding the digital sphere in the future.

This book narrates the establishment of a cultural project in post-war Cambodia. It depicts a country at the crossroads of conflicting imaginaries, and shows, through the Centre for Khmer Studies’ story, how the neoliberal agenda of ‘northern’ academic institutions effectively constrain alternative ‘southern’ visions of development.

span, SPAN { background-color:inherit; text-decoration:inherit; white-space:pre-wrap }This book places Indonesia at the forefront of the global debate about the impact of ‘disruptive’ digital technologies. Digital technology is fast becoming the core of life, work, culture and identity. Yet, while the number of Indonesians using the Internet has followed the upward global trend, some groups — the poor, the elderly, women, the less well-educated, people living in remote communities — are disadvantaged. This interdisciplinary collection of essays by leading researchers and scholars, as well as e-governance and e-commerce insiders, examines the impact of digitalisation on the media industry, governance, commerce, informal sector employment, education, cybercrime, terrorism, religion, artistic and cultural expression, and much more. It presents groundbreaking analysis of the impact of digitalisation in one of the world’s most diverse, geographically vast nations. In weighing arguments about the opportunities and challenges presented by digitalisation, it puts the very idea of a technological ‘revolution’ into critical perspective.

This book shows how disinformation spread by partisan organizations and media platforms undermines institutional legitimacy on which authoritative information depends.

A bomb attack on a hotel. A bomb in a taxi. Or a bus. Like the London 7 July 2005 bomb attacks. Or if a plot to bomb an MRT station succeeds. How would we react? Would Singaporeans stay calm? And united? Or would ethnic fault lines crack? Building networks of trust in good times is crucial. Building social resilience is important in keeping Singapore united in a crisis. That is what the Community Engagement Programme, or CEP, sets out to do. This book describes the Singapore experience in reaching out to hearts and minds. As we fortify our hearts of resilience, the CEP is a book that continues to be written.

This is a story of betrayal, selfishness, greed and irresponsibility on an epic scale. Hoggan examines the public relations circus that surrounds global warming, and uncovers the organized campaign, largely financed by the coal and oil industries, to make us think that climate science is still somehow controversial.