Walter Kaufmann completed this, the third and final volume of his landmark trilogy, shortly before his death in 1980. The trilogy is the crowning achievement of a lifetime of study, writing, and teaching. This final volume contains Kaufmann's tribute to Sigmund Freud, the man he thought had done as much as anyone to discover and illuminate the human mind. Kaufmann's own analytical brilliance seems a fitting reflection of Freud's, and his acute commentary affords fitting company to Freud's own thought. Kaufmann traces the intellectual tradition that culminated in Freud's blending of analytic scientific thinking with humanistic insight to create "a poetic science of the mind." He argues that despite Freud's great achievement and celebrity, his work and person have often been misunderstood and unfairly maligned, the victim of poor translations and hostile critics. Kaufmann dispels some of the myths that have surrounded Freud and damaged his reputation. He takes pains to show how undogmatic, how open to discussion, and how modest Freud actually was. Kaufmann endeavors to defend Freud against the attacks of his two most prominent apostate disciples, Alfred Adler and Carl Gustav Jung. Adler is revealed as having been jealous, hostile, and an ingrate, a muddled thinker and unskilled writer, and remarkably lacking in self-understanding. Jung emerges in Kaufmann's depiction as an unattractive, petty, and envious human being, an anti-Semite, an obscure and obscurantist thinker, and, like Adler, lacking insight into himself. Freud, on the contrary, is argued to have displayed great nobility and great insight into himself and his wayward disciples in the course of their famous fallings-out.

Originally published in 1980 by McGraw-Hill.

This text charts the early history of the modern psychoanalytic movementhrough the personalities that influenced its development. Many of the earlyheories were discussed at the Wednesday meetings of the Viennasychoanalytic Society, and extracts from the minutes of these meetings arencluded here.;Of all the splits that characterized these early years, noneas more heated than the acrimonious split between Freud and Adler. From aelationship of mutual respect and collaboration the two men had an infamousine-year disagreement in the development of their schools of psychotherapy.

"One evening years after the rupture between Freud and Jung, the Swiss psychiatrist C. A. Meier spent an hour alone with Freud in his study at Berggasse 19. "There was one topic of conversation," Meier remembered. "Jung. Freud was full of questions about Jung, about his family, his life and what he was doing. Every conceivable question," Meier said. "Because he still cared." Meier would find the same anguish in Jung. "He didn't like to talk about Freud because it was so painful." Another Swiss analyst agreed. "The wound was always there, it never healed. It was a tragedy." The hours that Freud and Jung had spent in Freud's dim and quiet study lay in the past. The long ordeal of Freud and Jung was reminder and more that some piece of the human psyche was beyond comprehension. The moment when the world's first analysts, unable to alleviate their pain, played with stones at the edge of a dry lakeshore or stood for hours before the statue of an angry prophet, bore witness to the intransigent mystery of the human spirit. That mystery was the terrible beauty of the psyche, and they lived it, Freud and Jung, alone." - from Freud and Jung Previously published by Charles Scribner's Sons. For more information, please visit http: //www.freudandjung.com.

This comparative study of the basic concepts of Freud and Jung is designed to give a comprehensive understanding of Jung's work. The author traces the development of Jung from his initial fascination with Freud's ideas to his gradual liberation from these powerful concepts and the final breakthrough into his own unique theories of man and the cosmos. Jung's fundamental view—that the psyche is a totality of conscious and unconscious elements that seeks to realize itself—stands in sharp contrast to Freud's early view of the psyche as primarily the effect of prior causes. Hence Freud tends to stress the pathological, whereas Jung looks to the creative and self-transcending aspects of human nature. The final section of the book describes the development of Jung's ideas after the death of Freud, particularly his concept of the archetypes.

"George Makari has written nothing less than a history of the modern mind. But REVOLUTION IN MIND is also a tragedy. It is the moving story of what we lost when the old world went up in flames." - Paul Auster. An award-winning scholar and writer delivers a definitive, radically new history of Freud, his disciples, and the tumultuous history of psychoanalysis. In this brilliant, engaging and accessible work, - the first comprehensive history of the subject ever written - renowned psychoanalyst George Makari goes past the heated debates over Freud to tell the fuller story of the origins and development of psychoanalysis in Europe. Beginning with great changes in late 19th century science, medicine and philosophy, Makari traces the field's diverse intellectual influences and the fascinating characters who shaped its formation until 1945. Groundbreaking, insightful and compulsively readable, REVOLUTION IN MIND is a fascinating history of one of the most important movements of modern times.