The inequalities that persist in America have deep historical roots. Evelyn Nakano Glenn untangles this complex history in a unique comparative regional study from the end of Reconstruction to the eve of World War II. During this era the country experienced enormous social and economic changes with the abolition of slavery, rapid territorial expansion, and massive immigration, and struggled over the meaning of free labor and the essence of citizenship as people who previously had been excluded sought the promise of economic freedom and full political rights. After a lucid overview of the concepts of the free worker and the independent citizen at the national level, Glenn vividly details how race and gender issues framed the struggle over labor and citizenship rights at the local level between blacks and whites in the South, Mexicans and Anglos in the Southwest, and Asians and haoles (the white planter class) in Hawaii. She illuminates the complex interplay of local and national forces in American society and provides a dynamic view of how labor and citizenship were defined, enforced, and contested in a formative era for white-nonwhite relations in America.

Voices of Freedom has helped hundreds of thousands of students on their path to United States citizenship. The new full-color edition with three audio CDs prepares students for the civics and English requirements of the new U.S. citizenship test. It also serves as a basic course for students enrolled in adult EL/Civics programs. A research-based sequence of integrated grammar, vocabulary, and topics develops students' language skills and civics knowledge simultaneously. Simple narrative readings and hundreds of photographs present U.S. history and government in a context-rich and easy-to-read format. Civics Check sections offer practice with the 100 official citizenship questions and answers. Authentic dialogs develop students' language skills for a successful citizenship interview and spoken-English exam. Reading and writing tests prepare students for the specific test formats used during the exam. Check-Up sections provide all-skills language practice including listening comprehension. Unit tests provide ongoing assessment and practice. Civic participation activities, including projects, debates, and "online field trips," enrich learning and meet EL/Civics goals. Preparatory units help lower-level students practice basic personal information required on the N-400 citizenship application. A Teacher's Guide offers step-by step instructions, expansion activities, and reproducibles for practice and assessment. Audio CDs include all readings, dialogs, the 100 official citizenship questions, and listening comprehension activities. The new Activity & Test Prep Workbook provides supplemental reading, writing, and interview practice for the citizenship exam.

A major new narrative account of the long struggle of Northern activists-both black and white, famous and obscure-to establish African Americans as free citizens, from abolitionism through the Civil War, Reconstruction, and its demise Abraham Lincoln's Emancipation Proclamation is generally understood as the moment African Americans became free, and Reconstruction as the ultimately unsuccessful effort to extend that victory by establishing equal citizenship. In More Than Freedom, award-winning historian Stephen Kantrowitz boldly redefines our understanding of this entire era by showing that the fight to abolish slavery was always part of a much broader campaign to establish full citizenship for African Americans and find a place to belong in a white republic. More Than Freedom chronicles this epic struggle through the lived experiences of black and white activists in and around Boston, including both famous reformers such as Frederick Douglass and Charles Sumner and lesser-known but equally important figures like the journalist William Cooper Nell and the ex-slaves Lewis and Harriet Hayden. While these freedom fighters have traditionally been called abolitionists, their goals and achievements went far beyond emancipation. They mobilized long before they had white allies to rely on and remained militant long after the Civil War ended. These black freedmen called themselves "colored citizens" and fought to establish themselves in American public life, both by building their own networks and institutions and by fiercely, often violently, challenging proslavery and inegalitarian laws and prejudice. But as Kantrowitz explains, they also knew that until the white majority recognized them as equal participants in common projects they would remain a suspect class. Equal citizenship meant something far beyond freedom: not only full legal and political rights, but also acceptance, inclusion and respect across the color line. Even though these reformers ultimately failed to remake the nation in the way they hoped, their struggle catalyzed the arrival of Civil War and left the social and political landscape of the Union forever altered. Without their efforts, war and Reconstruction could hardly have begun. Bringing a bold new perspective to one of our nation's defining moments, More Than Freedom helps to explain the extent and the limits of the so-called freedom achieved in 1865 and the legacy that endures today.

Citizenship from Below boldly revises the history of the struggles for freedom by emancipated peoples in post-slavery Jamaica, post-independence Haiti, and the wider Caribbean by focusing on the interplay between the state, the body, race, and sexuality. Mimi Sheller offers a new theory of "citizenship from below" to describe the contest between "proper" spaces of legitimate high politics and the disavowed politics of lived embodiment. While acknowledging the internal contradictions and damaging exclusions of subaltern self-empowerment, Sheller roots out from beneath the historical archive traces of a deeper freedom, one expressed through bodily performances, familial relationships, cultivation of the land, and sacred worship. Attending to the hidden linkages among intimate realms and the public sphere, Sheller explores specific struggles for freedom, including women's political activism in Jamaica; the role of discourses of "manhood" in the making of free subjects, soldiers, and citizens; the fiercely ethnonationalist discourses that excluded South Asian and African indentured workers; the sexual politics of the low-bass beats and "bottoms up" moves in the dancehall; and the struggle for reproductive and LGBT rights and against homophobia in the contemporary Caribbean. Through her creative use of archival sources and emphasis on the connections between intimacy, violence, and citizenship, Sheller enriches critical theories of embodied freedom, sexual citizenship, and erotic agency in all post-slavery societies.

Terror in the Heart of Freedom: Citizenship, Sexual Violence, and the Meaning of Race in the Postemancipation South

This popular content-based citizenship offers comprehensive preparation for the Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) interview and Civics/ English exam. It also features exciting new activities to promote students' participation in the political process. -- Covers government and history curriculum in a very simple, easy-to-read format. -- Is specifically designed for students whose limited language skills prevent them from using standard citizenship materials. -- Covers all the information required by the INS, and introduces students to basic English grammar and vocabulary. -- Offers students critically important practice using functional interview skills. -- Includes numerous civic participation activities to help students become familiar with local government officials and services, civics simulations, and numerous topics for debate and discussion. -- Recognizes and respects the diversity of cultures, histories, and experiences that students bring to the classroom -- and to our nation.