This book presents coherent and systematic coverage of the broad and dynamic field of free atom and cluster atom chemistry. The text provides a comprehensive overview of the current literature and describes the mostimportant experimental techniques developed since 1980 including bimetallic clusters/catalysts, carbon clusters (fullerenes) and trapped single atoms. Metal atoms, clusters, and particles are covered in sequence with the Periodic Table.

Atomic Clusters: From Gas Phase to Deposited brings together a series of chapters, prepared by acknowledged experts in their fields. Both fundamental and practical aspects are addressed of the physics and chemistry of a novel state of matter, namely clusters of small numbers of atoms of nanometre dimensions. This is a field of nanoscience that existed before the word was invented, but has particularly achieved major advances in the recent years.* Contributions from leading experts in solid surfaces research* Cluster science is concerned with the properties of materials on the nano-metre scale* Brings together work on both free (gas-phase) clusters and those deposited on surfaces

The emergence and spectacularly rapid evolution of the field of atomic and molecular clusters are among the most exciting developments in the recent history of natural sciences. The field of clusters expands into the traditional disciplines of physics, chemistry, materials science, and biology, yet in many respects it forms a cognition area of its own. This book presents a cross section of theoretical approaches and their applications in studies of different cluster systems. The contributions are written by experts in the respective areas. The systems discussed range from weakly (van der Waals) bonded, through hydrogen- and covalently bonded, to semiconductor and metallic clusters. The theoretical approaches involve high-level electronic structure computations, more approximate electronic structure treatments, use of semiempirical potentials, dynamical and statistical analyses, and illustrate the utility of both classical and quantum mechanical concepts.

This book completes the physical foundations and experimental techniques described in volume 1 with an updated review of the accessory equipment indispensable in molecular beam experiments. It extends the subject to cluster beams and beams of hyperthermal and subthermal energies.

A membrane reactor is a device for simultaneously performing a reaction and a membrane-based separation in the same physical device. Therefore, the membrane not only plays the role of a separator, but also takes place in the reaction itself. This text covers, in detail, the preparation and characterisation of all types of membranes used in membranes reactors. Each membrane synthesis process used by membranologists is explained by well known scientists in their specific research field. The book opens with an exhaustive review and introduction to membrane reactors, introducing the recent advances in this field. The following chapters concern the preparation of both organic and inorganic, and in both cases, a deep analysis of all the techniques used to prepare membrane are presented and discussed. A brief historical introduction for each technique is also included, followed by a complete description of the technique as well as the main results presented in the international specialized literature. In order to give to the reader a summary look to the overall work, a conclusive chapter is included for collecting all the information presented in the previous chapters. Key features: Fills a gap in the market for a scientific book describing the preparation and characterization of all the kind of membranes used in membrane reactors Discusses an important topic - there is increasing emphasis on membranes in general, due to their use as energy efficient separation tools and the ‘green’ chemistry opportunities they offer Includes a review about membrane reactors, several chapters concerning the preparation organic, inorganic, dense, porous, and composite membranes and a conclusion with a comparison among the different membrane preparation techniques

In recent years, interest in the preparation and characterization of nanostructured materials has grown due to their distinctive properties and potential technological applications. Nanoscale materials represent a new realm of matter and offer widespread possibilities for contributions to science and technology. Nanoscale Materials in Chemistry explores the vast potential of nanomaterials and serves as essential reading for the entire science community. The extensive coverage of Nanoscale Materials in Chemistry presents a thorough introduction to the field of nanostructured materials, including chemical synthesis methods, bonding theories, and applications. Because nanomaterials are finding more applications in the real world, this text contains up-to-date treatment of such topics as: Metals, semiconductor nanocrystals, and ceramics Double layers, optical properties, and the electrochemistry of metal nanoparticles Chemical and catalytic aspects of nanocrystals Specific heats and melting points of nanocrystalline materials Authored by world-renowned experts in the field of nanotechnology, Nanoscale Materials in Chemistry is suitable as a primary text for graduate courses and is a reliable resource for scientists.

This book presents and analyzes the essential data on nanoscale metal clusters dispersed in, or chemically bonded with polymers. Special attention is paid to the in situ synthesis of the nanocomposites, their chemical interactions, and the size and distribution of the particles in the polymer matrix. Numerous novel nanocomposites are described with regard to their mechanical, electrophysical, optical, magnetic, catalytic and biological properties. Their applications, present and future, are outlined.