The state of the art of the bioengineering aspects of the morphology of microorganisms and their relationship to process performance are described in this volume. Materials and methods of the digital image analysis and mathematical modeling of hyphal elongation, branching and pellet formation as well as their application to various fungi and actinomycetes during the production of antibiotics and enzymes are presented.

Inductive Logic Programming is a young and rapidly growing field combining machine learning and logic programming. This self-contained tutorial is the first theoretical introduction to ILP; it provides the reader with a rigorous and sufficiently broad basis for future research in the area. In the first part, a thorough treatment of first-order logic, resolution-based theorem proving, and logic programming is given. The second part introduces the main concepts of ILP and systematically develops the most important results on model inference, inverse resolution, unfolding, refinement operators, least generalizations, and ways to deal with background knowledge. Furthermore, the authors give an overview of PAC learning results in ILP and of some of the most relevant implemented systems.

This book provides an introduction to probabilistic inductive logic programming. It places emphasis on the methods based on logic programming principles and covers formalisms and systems, implementations and applications, as well as theory.

This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed post-proceedings of the 22nd International Conference on Inductive Logic Programming, ILP 2012, held in Dubrovnik, Croatia, in September 2012. The 18 revised full papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 41 submissions. The papers cover the following topics: propositionalization, logical foundations, implementations, probabilistic ILP, applications in robotics and biology, grammatical inference, spatial learning and graph-based learning.

Probabilistic Logic Programming extends Logic Programming by enabling the representation of uncertain information. Probabilistic Logic Programming is at the intersection of two wider research fields: the integration of logic and probability and Probabilistic Programming. Logic enables the representation of complex relations among entities while probability theory is useful for model uncertainty over attributes and relations. Combining the two is a very active field of study. Probabilistic Programming extends programming languages with probabilistic primitives that can be used to write complex probabilistic models. Algorithms for the inference and learning tasks are then provided automatically by the system. Probabilistic Logic programming is at the same time a logic language, with its knowledge representation capabilities, and a Turing complete language, with its computation capabilities, thus providing the best of both worlds. Since its birth, the field of Probabilistic Logic Programming has seen a steady increase of activity, with many proposals for languages and algorithms for inference and learning. Foundations of Probabilistic Logic Programming aims at providing an overview of the field with a special emphasis on languages under the Distribution Semantics, one of the most influential approaches. The book presents the main ideas for semantics, inference, and learning and highlights connections between the methods. Many examples of the book include a link to a page of the web application http://cplint.eu where the code can be run online.