This review updates the report by the Committee on Medical Aspects of Food Policy (COMA) "Folic acid and the prevention of disease" (Report on health and social subjects no. 50, 2000, ISBN 0113223048). The Committee has weighed the evidence which shows significant benefits of folic acid fortification in reducing the risk of pregnancies affected by a neural tube defect (NTD) against the evidence of potential harm in fortification in relation to delaying diagnosis of vitamin B12 deficiency and increasing the progression of bowel cancer. It recommends mandatory fortification of flour with folic acid as the most effective way to increase folate intakes of women most at risk of NTD-affected pregnancies, provided voluntary fortification is controlled and advice is given about supplement use. Such a policy is judged to be of net benefit to the UK population as it would lead to a redistribution of folic acid intakes, improving the folate intake of low consumers while reducing the intakes of high consumers.

This COMA report reviews available evidence linking dietary folate and folic acid with human health. It is concerned particularly with the need for adequate intakes of folate at the time of conception to reduce the risk of a pregnancy being affected by neural tube defect (NTD).

During the fifteen years since the bestselling first edition of Folate in Health and Disease was published, there have been thousands of new research studies related to folate and its role in health and disease. The second edition of the book uniquely bridges the gap between basic science and public health/clinical medicine.Presents Groundbreaking

This book reviews and discusses the most relevant epidemiological aspects of OFCs and its prevention. It evaluates the role of folate and other factors in preventing OFC by analysing the health and socio-demographic data collected from a population sample. Individuals that are deficient in folates are suggested to have increase vulnerability to disease, including neurological conditions. Folates are involved in the metabolism of homocysteine which is a sulfur containing non-protein amino acid. This book will also highlight the recent advances made in understanding the effect of dietary folic acid over supplementation on neurological function. Patients with low levels of folic acid and other B vitamins, metabolism disorders, and renal failure have frequently high homocysteine levels that have been especially associated with cardiovascular and bone disease. This book reviews and analyzes the most important results about the effects of folic acid supplementation on clinical targets and it focuses on the effects of folic acid therapy on clinical outcomes of chronic renal failure patients with high homocysteine levels.

Nutrient Metabolism defines the molecular fate of nutrients and other dietary compounds in humans, as well as outlining the molecular basis of processes supporting nutrition, such as chemical sensing and appetite control. It focuses on the presentation of nutritional biochemistry; and the reader is given a clear and specific perspective on the events that control utilization of dietary compounds. Slightly over 100 self-contained chapters cover all essential and important nutrients as well as many other dietary compounds with relevance for human health. An essential read for healthcare professionals and researchers in all areas of health and nutrition who want to access the wealth of nutrition knowledge available today in one single source.Key Features* Highly illustrated with relevant chemical structures and metabolic pathways* Foreword by Steven Zeisel, Editor-in-chief of the Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry* First comprehensive work on the subject

Vitamins - especially B- and D-vitamins - influence the development and outcome of many neurodegenerative and other diseases. Among others, dementia, neural tube defects, epilepsy, and osteoporoses can be caused by vitamin deficiency. This book provides up-to-date knowledge on the role of water and fat soluble vitamins in the prevention of human diseases. Having knowledge about the association of vitamins and disease, as well as keeping track on the patients vitamin status has become increasingly important to every physician and clinical chemist.

The landmark text that has guided generations of hematologists and related practitioners―updated with the latest research findings and improved format and presentation Long revered for its comprehensiveness and extraordinary depth of detail, Williams Hematology provides essential coverage of the origins, pathophysiological mechanisms, and management of benign and malignant disorders of blood and marrow cells and coagulation proteins. The text contains a wealth of basic science and translational pathophysiology for optimal, lifelong learning. Experts in research and clinical hematology, the editors are known worldwide for their contributions to the field. This new edition contains everything that has made Williams Hematology the go-to resource for decades and has been updated with new chapters and critical new research into the molecular mechanisms responsible for hematological disorders and the impact on diagnosis and treatment. And the new format enables you to access each chapter via content modules covering key topics, with summaries, infographics, and cases―all linked to review questions for self-assessment. The full-color presentation integrates images of blood and tissue findings where they are cited in the text. NEW TO THIS EDITION: Updated and revised content reflecting the latest research and developments Convenient format that streamlines the learning process and improves retention Additional chapters added on: Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors Immune Cell Therapy: Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cell Therapy Immune Cell Therapy Dendritic Cell and Natural Killer Cell Therapy The processes of cell death and survival Application of Big Data and Deep Learning in Hematology Williams Hematology Cases with multiple-choice questions including detailed explanations—perfect preparation for the boards Continuously updated online content with comprehensive drug therapy database and other resources