This volume contains the proceedings of the 2002 symposium Formal Methods th Europe (FME 2002). The symposium was the 11 in a series that began with a VDM Europe symposium in 1987. The symposia are traditionally held every 18 months. In 2002 the symposium was held at the University of Copenhagen, as part of the 2002 Federated Logic Conference (FLoC 2002), which brought - gether in one event seven major conferences related to logic in computer science, as well as their a?liated workshops, tutorials, and tools exhibitions. Formal Methods Europe (www.fmeurope.org) is an independent association which aims to stimulate the use of, and research on, formal methods for software development. FME symposia have been notably successful in bringing together a community of users, researchers, and developers of precise mathematical - thods for software development. The theme of FME 2002 was “Formal Methods: Getting IT Right”. The double meaning was intentional. On the one hand, the theme acknowledged the signi?cant contribution formal methods can make to Information Technology, by enabling computer systems to be described precisely and reasoned about with rigour. On the other hand, it recognized that current formal methods are not perfect, and further research and practice are required to improve their foundations, applicability, and e?ectiveness.

ThisvolumecontainstheproceedingsofFM2003,the12thInternationalFormal Methods Europe Symposium which was held in Pisa, Italy on September 8–14, 2003. Formal Methods Europe (FME, www. fmeurope. org) is an independent - sociation which aims to stimulate the use of and research on formal methods for system development. FME conferences began with a VDM Europe symposium in 1987. Since then, the meetings have grown and have been held about once - ery 18 months. Throughout the years the symposia have been notably successful in bringing together researchers, tool developers, vendors, and users, both from academia and from industry. Unlike previous symposia in the series, FM 2003 was not given a speci?c theme. Rather, its main goal could be synthesized as “widening the scope. ” Indeed, the organizers aimed at enlarging the audience and impact of the symposium along several directions. Dropping the su?x ‘E’ from the title of the conference re?ects the wish to welcome participation and contribution from every country; also,contributionsfromoutsidethetraditionalFormalMethodscommunitywere solicited. The recent innovation of including an Industrial Day as an important part of the symposium shows the strong commitment to involve industrial p- ple more and more within the Formal Methods community. Even the traditional and rather fuzzy borderline between “software engineering formal methods” and methods and formalisms exploited in di?erent ?elds of engineering was so- what challenged.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Integrated Formal Methods, IFM 2004, held in Canterbury, UK, in April 2004. The 24 revised full papers presented together with 3 invited papers and one invited tutorial chapter were carefully reviewed and selected from 65 submissions. The papers are devoted to automating program analysis, state/event-based verification, formalizing graphical notions, refinement, object-orientation, hybrid and timed automata, integration frameworks, verifying interactive systems, and testing and assertions.

Formal engineering methods are changing the way that software systems are - veloped.Withlanguageandtoolsupport,theyarebeingusedforautomaticcode generation, and for the automatic abstraction and checking of implementations. In the future, they will be used at every stage of development: requirements, speci?cation, design, implementation, testing, and documentation. The ICFEM series of conferences aims to bring together those interested in the application of formal engineering methods to computer systems. Researchers and practitioners, from industry, academia, and government, are encouraged to attend,andtohelpadvancethestateoftheart.Authorsarestronglyencouraged to make their ideas as accessible as possible, and there is a clear emphasis upon work that promises to bring practical, tangible bene?t: reports of case studies should have a conceptual message, theory papers should have a clear link to application, and papers describing tools should have an account of results. ICFEM 2004 was the sixth conference in the series, and the ?rst to be held in North America. Previous conferences were held in Singapore, China, UK, A- tralia, and Japan. The Programme Committee received 110 papers and selected 30forpresentation.The?nalversionsofthosepapersareincludedhere,together with 2-page abstracts for the 5 accepted tutorials, and shorter abstracts for the 4 invited talks.

The refereed proceedings of the Third International Conference of Z and B Users, ZB 2003, held in Turku, Finland in June 2003. The 28 revised full papers presented together with 3 invited papers were carefully reviewed and selected for inclusion in the book. The book documents the recent advances for the Z formal specification notation and for the B method, spanning the full scope from foundational, theoretical, and methodological issues to advanced applications, tools, and case studies.

When you think about how far and fast computer science has progressed in recent years, it's not hard to conclude that a seven-year old handbook may fall a little short of the kind of reference today's computer scientists, software engineers, and IT professionals need. With a broadened scope, more emphasis on applied computing, and more than 70 chap

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Formal Engineering Methods, ICFEM 2005, held in Manchester, UK in November 2005. The 30 revised full papers presented together with 3 invited contributions were carefully reviewed and selected from 74 submissions. The papers address all current issues in formal methods and their applications in software engineering. They are organized in topical sections on specification, modelling, security, communication, development, testing, verification, and tools.