In spite of its universality, mixing is poorly understood and generally speaking, mixing problems are attacked on a case-by-case basis. This is the first book to present a unified treatment of the mixing of fluids from a kinematical viewpoint. The author's aim is to provide a conceptually clear basis from which to launch analysis and to facilitate an understanding of the numerous mixing problems encountered in nature and technology. After presenting the necessary background in kinematics and fluid dynamics, Professor Ottino considers various examples of dealing with necessary background in dynamical systems and chaos. The book assumes little previous knowledge of fluid dynamics and dynamical systems and can be used as a textbook by final-year undergraduates, graduate students and researchers in applied mathematics, engineering science, geophysics and physics who have an interest in fluid dynamics, continuum mechanics and dynamical systems. It is profusely illustrated in colour, with many line diagrams and half-tones. Systems which illustrate the most important concepts, many exercises and examples are included.

This volume is a selection of the material presented at the 7th European Mixing Congress. It is concerned exclusively with mixing in circular section vessels, using centrally mounted paddles or similar impellers. The contents are arranged under three classifications: Modelling of Mixing Processes, Mixing Operations and Experimental Techniques. The classifications result in the original material appearing in a different order to that of the Congress. This arrangement is intended to assist the reader in identifying the topic area by function or application, rather than by technology. In this book the section on Modelling contains papers which focus on the representation of the mixing process, whether by equation, scale-up criteria, or fluid dynamic simulation. Similarly, Mixing Operations are concerned with the application or function of the mixing process, such as mass transfer, heat transfer or mixing time. Experimental Techniques addresses the tools the researcher needs to use at the data gathering experimental stage. It collects together advances made in the various methods used by some of the foremost researchers, and indicates those areas still in need of additional instrumentation or methods of data reduction. The book is intended for researchers, designers and users of mixing equipment, and for those planning research and development programmes and who wish to keep up to date with advances in the basic technology and its applications.

First published in 1985. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.

The book aims at providing to master and PhD students the basic knowledge in fluid mechanics for chemical engineers. Applications to mixing and reaction and to mechanical separation processes are addressed. The first part of the book presents the principles of fluid mechanics used by chemical engineers, with a focus on global theorems for describing the behavior of hydraulic systems. The second part deals with turbulence and its application for stirring, mixing and chemical reaction. The third part addresses mechanical separation processes by considering the dynamics of particles in a flow and the processes of filtration, fluidization and centrifugation. The mechanics of granular media is finally discussed.

This book contains original papers presented at the Fourth International Conference on Hyperbolic Problems which was held on April 3-8, 1992 in Taormina (Sicily), Italy. The aim of the Conferences in this cycle is to bring together scientists with interest in theo­ retical, applied and computational aspects of hyperbolic partial differential equations. The contributions, well balanced among these three aspects, deal with: mathematical theory of wave propagation, kinetic theory, existence, uniqueness and stabil­ ity of solutions, mathematical modeling of physical phenomena, stability and convergence of numerical schemes, multidimensional computational applications, etc. The papers are printed in the authors' alphabetic order following the idea both of mixing together topics of interest to different areas and of considering either theoretical results connected with applied problems or new applications with an essential mathemat­ ical approach. The Proceedings from the previous Conferences held in St. Etienne (1986), Aachen (1988) and Uppsala (1990) appeared respectively as: * Lecture Notes in Mathematics, 1270, P. Carasso, P. A. Raviart & D. Serre (Eds.), Springer-Verlag (1987) * Notes on Numerical Fluid Mechanics, 24, J. Ballmann & R. Jeltsch (Eds.), Vieweg (1989 ) * Third International Conference on Hyperbolic Problems, B. Engquist & B. Gustafs­ son (Eds.), Vol. I, II, Studentlitteratur, Uppsala University (1991). The organizers and the editors of the Conference would like to thank the Scientific Committee for the generous support, for suggesting the invited lectures, and for selecting the contributed papers.