The European Convention on Human Rights guarantees equality among human beings by means of two provisions that prohibit discrimination: On the one hand, Article 14 of the Convention, ratified by all member states of the Council of Europe; and, On the other hand, The first article of Protocol No. 12, ratified by only some of the members. The content of the prohibition laid down by these two provisions is the same, The only difference is in the extent of their scope: whereas Article 14 prohibits discrimination in the "enjoyment of rights and freedoms set forth by the present Convention", The first article of Protocol No. 12 prohibits discrimination in a broader sense in the "enjoyment of all rights set forth by law". This study proposes an insight into the case law of the European Court of Human Rights on discrimination with respect both To The main principles which guide its implementation and To The specific solutions which the Court has adopted in relation to discrimination. Other questions examined include the scope of the prohibition of discrimination (to what does it apply?), The question of the content of such a prohibition (what precise obligations does it imply?), and last, The question of a judicial review (how does the Court assess compliance with it?).The "Human rights files" series is aimed at specialists in European law: lawyers, practitioners and research students. it also constitutes a useful resource For The implementation of the European Convention on Human Rights in the signatory states.

The member states of the EU have only very recently begun to consider race and racism in the framework of equality legislation and policies. As opposed to an established Anglo-Saxon tradition of naming races and using racial categorisation to fight racism, most continental European countries resist this approach. This book investigates the problematic reception and elaboration of race as a socio-legal category in Europe. Fighting Discrimination in Europe takes a fresh and interdisciplinary look at the normative, theoretical and concrete problems raised by the challenge of devising and enforcing policies to combat race discrimination in Europe. It engages with the juridical and political spheres, from the international level down to concrete cases of state and city policies. As the multifaceted relationship between race, discrimination and immigration is explored, new normative positions and practical approaches are developed, and new questions raised. This collection presents important new research for academics, researchers, and advanced students of Ethnic Studies, Migration Studies, Legal Studies, Sociology, Anthropology, and Policy Studies. This book was originally published as a special issue of Ethnic and Racial Studies.

This work presents the main contributions and considerations of young European research workers and journalists on the question of discrimination in sport. Taking a multidisciplinary approach to the social sciences, The authors show how the media and those working in media can act as a relay, through their coverage of sports, For initiatives on the fight against discrimination. They also illustrate in detail not only the reality of discrimination in sport and the controversy surrounding this issue in the member states of the Council of Europe, but also the strength of research incipient in this field. The Enlarged Partial Agreement on Sport (EPAS) hopes to contribute in this way to the development of European research on education through sport involving researchers from different countries in order to better understand the phenomenon of discrimination.

The member states of the EU have only very recently begun to consider race and racism in the framework of equality legislation and policies. As opposed to an established Anglo-Saxon tradition of naming races and using racial categorisation to fight racism, most continental European countries resist this approach. This book investigates the problematic reception and elaboration of race as a socio-legal category in Europe. Fighting Discrimination in Europe takes a fresh and interdisciplinary look at the normative, theoretical and concrete problems raised by the challenge of devising and enforcing policies to combat race discrimination in Europe. It engages with the juridical and political spheres, from the international level down to concrete cases of state and city policies. As the multifaceted relationship between race, discrimination and immigration is explored, new normative positions and practical approaches are developed, and new questions raised. This collection presents important new research for academics, researchers, and advanced students of Ethnic Studies, Migration Studies, Legal Studies, Sociology, Anthropology, and Policy Studies. This book was originally published as a special issue of Ethnic and Racial Studies.

A comparative political sociology of anti-racism in Europe, showing the various discourses within this movement

Professor Evelyn Ellis provides an analytical and critical examination of the EU law forbidding discrimination, and explores the theoretical and philosophical underpinnings of the law.

In Europe, contemporary multicultural issues raise the question as to whether the overlap between the non-discrimination regimes of the European Union and the Council of Europe in the field of public employment may lead to conflicting case law. Would the Court of Justice of the European Union (ECJ) and the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) address potential sex, race, and religious discrimination in a similar manner or would these courts take a different approach? This study consists of three parts. First, an analysis is presented of the EU non-discrimination Directives 2006/54, 2000/43, and 2000/78, and the ECJ's assessment in cases of alleged sex, race, and religious discrimination in the public workplace. This is followed by an examination of the non-discrimination provisions of the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR) and the right to freedom of religion. Further, the ECtHR's assessment in cases involving potential discrimination in the public workplace based on sex, race, and religion are examined. In the final section, a comparison is made between the provisions and the assessment of the ECJ and the ECtHR. Besides a look at European legislation, case law, and academic literature, this research also uses a legal case study to explore the similarities and differences between the non-discrimination regimes. Accordingly, the theory is again discussed, but now in light of a much debated issue in Europe: the wearing of the Islamic headscarf in public employment. The result of the study is a detailed explanation of the relevant similarities and differences between the approaches of the two courts to claims of discrimination. (Series: School of Human Rights Research - Vol. 59)