Perspicuity is part of proof. If the process by means of which I get a result were not surveyable, I might indeed make a note that this number is what comes out - but what fact is this supposed to confirm for me? I don't know 'what is supposed to come out' . . . . 1 -L. Wittgenstein A feasible computation uses small resources on an abstract computa tion device, such as a 'lUring machine or boolean circuit. Feasible math ematics concerns the study of feasible computations, using combinatorics and logic, as well as the study of feasibly presented mathematical structures such as groups, algebras, and so on. This volume contains contributions to feasible mathematics in three areas: computational complexity theory, proof theory and algebra, with substantial overlap between different fields. In computational complexity theory, the polynomial time hierarchy is characterized without the introduction of runtime bounds by the closure of certain initial functions under safe composition, predicative recursion on notation, and unbounded minimization (S. Bellantoni); an alternative way of looking at NP problems is introduced which focuses on which pa rameters of the problem are the cause of its computational complexity and completeness, density and separation/collapse results are given for a struc ture theory for parametrized problems (R. Downey and M. Fellows); new characterizations of PTIME and LINEAR SPACE are given using predicative recurrence over all finite tiers of certain stratified free algebras (D.

Teacher Guide for use with Principles of Mathematics Book 2. Katherine Loop's Principles of Mathematics Book 2 guides students through the core principles of algebra-equipping your student for High School success! Teacher Guide includes daily schedule, student worksheets, quizzes, tests, and answer key.

Detailed review of optimization from first principles, supported by rigorous math and computer science explanations and various learning aids Supported by rigorous math and computer science foundations, Combinatorial and Algorithmic Mathematics: From Foundation to Optimization provides a from-scratch understanding to the field of optimization, discussing 70 algorithms with roughly 220 illustrative examples, 160 nontrivial end-of-chapter exercises with complete solutions to ensure readers can apply appropriate theories, principles, and concepts when required, and Matlab codes that solve some specific problems. This book helps readers to develop mathematical maturity, including skills such as handling increasingly abstract ideas, recognizing mathematical patterns, and generalizing from specific examples to broad concepts. Starting from first principles of mathematical logic, set-theoretic structures, and analytic and algebraic structures, this book covers both combinatorics and algorithms in separate sections, then brings the material together in a final section on optimization. This book focuses on topics essential for anyone wanting to develop and apply their understanding of optimization to areas such as data structures, algorithms, artificial intelligence, machine learning, data science, computer systems, networks, and computer security. Combinatorial and Algorithmic Mathematics includes discussion on: Propositional logic and predicate logic, set-theoretic structures such as sets, relations, and functions, and basic analytic and algebraic structures such as sequences, series, subspaces, convex structures, and polyhedra Recurrence-solving techniques, counting methods, permutations, combinations, arrangements of objects and sets, and graph basics and properties Asymptotic notations, techniques for analyzing algorithms, and computational complexity of various algorithms Linear optimization and its geometry and duality, simplex and non-simplex algorithms for linear optimization, second-order cone programming, and semidefinite programming Combinatorial and Algorithmic Mathematics is an ideal textbook resource on the subject for students studying discrete structures, combinatorics, algorithms, and optimization. It also caters to scientists across diverse disciplines that incorporate algorithms and academics and researchers who wish to better understand some modern optimization methodologies.

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An insightful reflection on the mathematical soul What do pure mathematicians do, and why do they do it? Looking beyond the conventional answers—for the sake of truth, beauty, and practical applications—this book offers an eclectic panorama of the lives and values and hopes and fears of mathematicians in the twenty-first century, assembling material from a startlingly diverse assortment of scholarly, journalistic, and pop culture sources. Drawing on his personal experiences and obsessions as well as the thoughts and opinions of mathematicians from Archimedes and Omar Khayyám to such contemporary giants as Alexander Grothendieck and Robert Langlands, Michael Harris reveals the charisma and romance of mathematics as well as its darker side. In this portrait of mathematics as a community united around a set of common intellectual, ethical, and existential challenges, he touches on a wide variety of questions, such as: Are mathematicians to blame for the 2008 financial crisis? How can we talk about the ideas we were born too soon to understand? And how should you react if you are asked to explain number theory at a dinner party? Disarmingly candid, relentlessly intelligent, and richly entertaining, Mathematics without Apologies takes readers on an unapologetic guided tour of the mathematical life, from the philosophy and sociology of mathematics to its reflections in film and popular music, with detours through the mathematical and mystical traditions of Russia, India, medieval Islam, the Bronx, and beyond.

A brilliant tour of mathematical thought and a guide to becoming a better thinker, How Not to Be Wrong shows that math is not just a long list of rules to be learned and carried out by rote. Math touches everything we do; It's what makes the world make sense. Using the mathematician's methods and hard-won insights-minus the jargon-professor and popular columnist Jordan Ellenberg guides general readers through his ideas with rigor and lively irreverence, infusing everything from election results to baseball to the existence of God and the psychology of slime molds with a heightened sense of clarity and wonder. Armed with the tools of mathematics, we can see the hidden structures beneath the messy and chaotic surface of our daily lives. How Not to Be Wrong shows us how--Publisher's description.