This book is dedicated to the processes of mineral transformation, recycling and reclamation of metals, for the purpose of turning metals and alloys into a liquid state ready for pouring. Even though "process metallurgy" is one of the oldest technologies implemented by man, technological innovation, with the development of processes that are both focused on product quality and economically and ecologically efficient, continues to be at the heart of these industries. This book explains the physico-chemical bases of transformations, vital to their understanding and control (optimization of operational conditions), and the foundations in terms of "process engineering" (heat and matter assessment, process coupling: chemical reactions and transport phenomena), vital to the optimal execution and analysis of transformation process operations. This book is addressed to students in the field of metallurgy and to engineers facing the problem of metal and alloy development (operation of an industrial unit or development of a new process).

Extractive Metallurgy of Titanium: Conventional and Recent Advances in Extraction and Production of Titanium Metal contains information on current and developing processes for the production of titanium. The methods for producing Ti metal are grouped into two categories, including the reduction of TiCl4 and the reduction of TiO2, with their processes classified as either electrochemical or thermochemical. Descriptions of each method or process include both the fundamental principles of the method and the engineering challenges in their practice. In addition, a review of the chemical and physical characteristics of the product produced by each method is included. Sections cover the purity of titanium metal produced based on ASTM and other industry standards, energy consumption, cost and the potential environmental impacts of the processes. - Provides information on new and developing low cost, high integrity methods for titanium metal production - Discusses new markets for titanium due to the decreased cost of newly developed processes - Covers specific information on new methods, including the chemical and physical characteristics produced

Extractive metallurgy is the art and science of extracting metals from their ores and refining them. The production of metals and alloys from these source materials is still one of the most important and fundamental industries in both developed and developing economies around the world. The outputs and products are essential resources for the metallic, mechanical, electromagnetic, electrical and electronics industries (silicon is treated as a metal for these purposes). This series is devoted to the extraction of metals from ores, concentrates (enriched ores), scraps, and other sources and their refining to the state of either liquid metal before casting or to solid metals. The extraction and refining operations that are required may be carried out by various metallurgical reaction processes. Extractive Metallurgy 1 deals with the fundamentals of thermodynamics and kinetics of the reaction processes. Extractive Metallurgy 2 focuses on pyrometallurgical, hydrometallurgical, halide and electro-metallurgical (conversion) processes. Extractive Metallurgy 3 deals with the industrial processing operations, technologies, and process routes, in other words the sequence of steps or operations used to convert the ore to metal. Processes and operations are studied using the methodology of “chemical reaction engineering”. As the fundamentals of the art and science of Extractive Metallurgy are infrequently taught as dedicated university or engineering schools courses, this series is intended both for students in the fields of Metallurgy and Mechanical Engineering who want to acquire this knowledge, and also for engineers put in charge of the operation of an industrial production unit or the development of a new process, who will need the basic knowledge of the corresponding technology.

Rather than simply describing the processes and reactions involved in metal extraction, this book concentrates on fundamental principles to give readers an understanding of the possibilities for future developments in this field. It includes a review of the basics of thermodynamics, kinetics and engineering principles that have special importance for extractive metallurgy, to ensure that readers have the background necessary for maximum achievement. The various metallurgical unit processes (such as roasting, reduction, smelting and electrolysis) are illustrated by existing techniques for the extraction of the most common metals. Each chapter includes a bibliography of recommended reading, to aid in further study. The appendices include tables and graphs of thermodynamic qualities for most substances of metallurgical importance; these are ideal for calculating heat (enthalpy) balances and chemical equilibrium constants. SI Units are used consistently throughout the text.

Extractive metallurgy is the art and science of extracting metals from their ores and refining them. The production of metals and alloys from these source materials is still one of the most important and fundamental industries in both developed and developing economies around the world. The outputs and products are essential resources for the metallic, mechanical, electromagnetic, electrical and electronics industries (silicon is treated as a metal for these purposes). This series is devoted to the extraction of metals from ores, concentrates (enriched ores), scraps, and other sources and their refining to the state of either liquid metal before casting or to solid metals. The extraction and refining operations that are required may be carried out by various metallurgical reaction processes. Extractive Metallurgy 1 deals with the fundamentals of thermodynamics and kinetics of the reaction processes. Extractive Metallurgy 2 focuses on pyrometallurgical, hydrometallurgical, halide and electro-metallurgical (conversion) processes. Extractive Metallurgy 3 deals with the industrial processing operations, technologies, and process routes, in other words the sequence of steps or operations used to convert the ore to metal. Processes and operations are studied using the methodology of "chemical reaction engineering". As the fundamentals of the art and science of Extractive Metallurgy are infrequently taught as dedicated university or engineering schools courses, this series is intended both for students in the fields of Metallurgy and Mechanical Engineering who want to acquire this knowledge, and also for engineers put in charge of the operation of an industrial production unit or the development of a new process, who will need the basic knowledge of the corresponding technology.

This landmark publication distills the body of knowledge that characterizes mineral processing and extractive metallurgy as disciplinary fields. It will inspire and inform current and future generations of minerals and metallurgy professionals. Mineral processing and extractive metallurgy are atypical disciplines, requiring a combination of knowledge, experience, and art. Investing in this trove of valuable information is a must for all those involved in the industry—students, engineers, mill managers, and operators. More than 192 internationally recognized experts have contributed to the handbook’s 128 thought-provoking chapters that examine nearly every aspect of mineral processing and extractive metallurgy. This inclusive reference addresses the magnitude of traditional industry topics and also addresses the new technologies and important cultural and social issues that are important today. Contents Mineral Characterization and AnalysisManagement and ReportingComminutionClassification and WashingTransport and StoragePhysical SeparationsFlotationSolid and Liquid SeparationDisposalHydrometallurgyPyrometallurgyProcessing of Selected Metals, Minerals, and Materials

Primarily intended for the undergraduate students of metallurgical and materials engineering, this textbook will help the students to grasp the subject matter of extractive metallurgy in a simple and easy-to-understand manner. It presents a comprehensive view of extractive metallurgy, especially principles and fundamental aspects, in a concise form. The book explains various concepts step by step by narrating their importance. Even without much of background in specialized subjects, the students will be able to understand the topics without any difficulty. It covers a brief summary of the metallurgical processes including physical chemistry, thermodynamics, kinetics, and heat/mass balance. Many of the scientific and engineering aspects of unit processes have been discussed. Applications of metallurgical thermodynamics and kinetics to the process metallurgy are explained as well. All basic concepts and definitions related to metal extraction are also covered.