ANDY HARGREAVES Department of Teacher Education, Curriculum and Instruction Lynch School of Education, Boston College, MA, U.S.A. ANN LIEBERMAN Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching, Stanford, CA, U.S.A. MICHAEL FULLAN Ontario Institute for Studies in Education, University of Toronto, Canada DAVID HOPKINS Department for Education and Skills, London, U.K. This set of four volumes on Educational Change brings together evidence and insights on educational change issues from leading writers and researchers in the field from across the world. Many of these writers, whose chapters have been specially written for these books, have been investigating, helping initiate and implementing educational change, for most or all of their lengthy careers. Others are working on the cutting edge of theory and practice in educational change, taking the field in new or even more challenging directions. And some are more skeptical about the literature of educational change and the assumptions on which it rests. They help us to approach projects of understanding or initiating educational change more deeply, reflectively and realistically. Educational change and reform have rarely had so much prominence within public policy, in so many different places. Educational change is ubiquitous. It figures large in Presidential and Prime Ministerial speeches. It is at or near the top of many National policy agendas. Everywhere, educational change is not only a policy priority but also major public news. Yet action to bring about educational change usually exceeds people's understanding of how to do so effectively.

In an effort to improve student achievement, thousands of US schools have adopted school reform models devised externally by universities and other organizations. Such models have been successful in improving individual schools or groups of schools, but what happens when educational reform attempts to extend from one school to many? Through qualitative data from several studies, this book explores what happens when school reform 'goes to scale'. Topics covered include: *why and how schools are adopting reforms *the influence of the local context and wider constraints on the implementation of reform *teachers and principals as change agents in schools *the evolution of reform design teams *the implementation, sustainability and expiration of reform, and its impact on educational change Each chapter concludes with guidelines for policy and practice. This book will be of interest to educational leaders and staff developers, educational researchers and policy makers, in the US and internationally.

Knowledge of the processes of educational change is said to be the missing ingredient in attempts to bring about educational innovation and reform. Whether these efforts involve grass roots innovation or large-scale societal reform, failure to understand and act on existing knowledge of the change process has accounted for the widespread lack of success in making educational improvements. This volume analyzes what is known about successful or productive change processes, and identifies corresponding action strategies at the individual, school, local and state levels. Included in this book is a major treatment of the topic of the 'ethics of planned change', a neglected topic in recent literature, especially since strategies for intervening in the change process are receiving more attention. This book is intended to be used by teachers in training and in service, teacher trainers, educational researchers, education historians and administrators.

The book closely follows the syllabus prescribed by the universities in extension education and home science. It will serve as a text book for graduate/post graduate students. The book covers eight chapters as education psychology, communication of innova

How does one spread a successful educational reform? The essays here recount the authors?' experiences with the scale-up process. Among their lessons are the importance of building the capacity to implement and sustain the reforms, adjusting for local culture and policy, ensuring quality control, providing the necessary infrastructure, and fostering a sense of ownership. The process is iterative and complex and requires cooperation among many actors who must ensure that the results align with goals.

"Expanding Horizons: A Comprehensive Guide to Extension Education" is a comprehensive book that provides a thorough exploration of extension education. It covers various aspects, including its definition, historical background, principles, and philosophies. The book delves into the essential role of extension educators, highlighting their responsibilities, competencies, and the ethical considerations involved. Effective communication, building partnerships, and continuous improvement are emphasized as crucial elements in the field. The book presents different extension education models and approaches, ranging from community-based strategies to technology-enhanced methods. It delves into the process of needs assessment, program planning, curriculum development, and evaluation, emphasizing the importance of identifying target audiences and setting clear program objectives. Teaching and learning strategies in extension education are explored, focusing on adult learning principles, experiential and active learning, facilitation techniques, and inclusive teaching practices. The book also provides specific applications of extension education in agriculture and rural development, health and nutrition, community development, and urban environments. Additionally, the book addresses the importance of professional development in extension education, offering insights into continuing education, research, networking, and leadership development. It concludes by exploring future trends and innovations in the field. Throughout the book, real-life examples, case studies, and practical tools are provided to enhance understanding and application. The appendices include sample needs assessment tools, program planning worksheets, evaluation forms, and a comprehensive list of resources and references. "Expanding Horizons: A Comprehensive Guide to Extension Education" serves as a valuable resource for extension educators, professionals, researchers, policymakers, and students seeking to understand and excel in the field of extension education. It equips readers with the knowledge, skills, and tools necessary to effectively engage and empower communities for sustainable development and positive change.