Experimental investigations of the scattering of sound by turbulence were performed in a wind tunnel. Turbulence was produced by grids of parallel circular rods (with diameters of 0.1 to 1.0 cm and grid meshlengths of 0.5 to 2. 5 cm); the sound frequencies covered a range of 100 to 500 kc. Disturbances of the measurements due to reflections of sound waves at the tunnel walls were avoided by the application of short sound pulses. The dependence of the damping of the sound waves on the sound frequency, the Mach number of the turbulence, the length of the sound path in the turbulent flow and a predominant direction of the turbulent eddies was measured. Theoretical predictions were confirmed and partly extended. In the range of the parameters which is of interest for practical use the most important results are the proportionality of the damping to the square of the sound frequency and to the square of the turbulent Mach number. Based on the measurements and the theoretical considerations, a formula is derived which is applicable to the damping of sound by turbulent scattering in the atmosphere. (Author).

Experimental investigations of the scattering of sound by turbulence were performed in a wind tunnel. Recent theoretical predictions concerning the sound attenuation are well confirmed and partly extended by the measurements. In the range of the parameters which is of interest for practical applications the most important results obtained are the proportionality of the sound attenuation to the square of the sound frequency and to the square of the turbulent Mach number. A formula is derived from which the turbulent attenuation of directed sound (such as aircraft noise in the free atmosphere) can be calculated. A method for measuring large phase variations is described in preliminary form; it will be used to investigate the influence of turbulent scattering on the phase angle of the sound waves.

The propagation of sound waves in the atmosphere is significantly effected by the nonuniformities of refractive index produced by turbulent fluctuations of temperature and windspeeds. Tur bulence causes fluctuations of amplitude and phase of sound waves, scattering, and additional attenuation. (Author).