This volume documents an important event in the World Year of Physics 2005 and a continuation of the traditional international summer schools that have taken place in Romania regularly since 1964. On one hand, the study of exotic nuclei seeks answers about the structure and interaction of unique finite quantum mechanical many-body systems. On the other, it provides data that have an impact on the understanding of the origin of the elements in the Universe. The contributions, written by outstanding professors from prestigious research centers over the world, provide the reader with both comprehensive reviews and the most recent results in the field. Large experimental facilities are discussed together with future research projects. The book offers insights into how experiments in terrestrial nuclear physics laboratories may be combined with observations in outer space to enlarge our basic knowledge. Sample Chapter(s). Chapter 1: Research on Neutron Clusters (1,195 KB). Contents: Exotic Nuclei: Research on Neutron Clusters (F M Marques); Neutron Transfer Studied with a Radioactive Beam of 24 Ne, Using TIARA at SPIRAL (W Catford et al.); Rare Isotopes INvestigations at GSI (RISING) Using Relativistic Ion Beams (J Jolie et al.); Mass Formula from Normal to Hypernuclei (C Samanta); Exotic Nuclear Structures: Exotic Phenomena in Medium Mass Nuclei (A Petrovici); NUSTAR at FAIR. Nuclear Structure Research at GSI and the Future (G Muenzenberg); From Super-Radiance to Continuum Shell Model (V Zelevinski); New Methods for the Exact Solution of the Nuclear Eigenvalue Problem Beyond Mean Field Approaches (N Lo Iudice et al.); Q-Phonon Approach for Low-Lying 1 - Two-Phonon States in Spherical Nuclei (V V Voronov et al.); Analytic Description of the Phase Transition from Octupole Deformation to Octupole Vibrations (D Bonatsos et al.); Three-Body Models in Nuclear Physics (P Descouvemont); Properties of Low-Lying States: Shape Parameters and Proton-Neutron Symmetry (V Werner); Shell Model Nuclear Level Densities (M Horoi); Exotic Decays, Clusters and Superheavy Nuclei: Nuclear Structure and Double Beta Decay (J Suhonen); Systematics of Proton Emission (D S Delion et al.); Synthesis of Superheavy Elements at SHIP (S Hofmann et al.); Synthesis of Heaviest Elements Using a Gas-Filled Recoil Separator at RIKEN (K Morita); Fission Valleys and Heavy Ion Decay Modes (D N Poenaru et al.); Dynamics of Mass Asymmetry in Dinuclear Systems (W Scheid et al.); Exotic Matter in Nuclei and Stars. Neutrinos: Clusters of Matter and Antimatter: A Mechanism for Cold Compression (W Greiner); BRAHMS Experiment Quest for Early Universe Phases of Hadronic Matter (Z Majka); Strange Matter in Core-Collapse Supernova (J Horvath); Neutrino Astrophysics: Gamma Ray Bursts (G C McLaughlin); Neutrino Emission from Neutron Stars (D G Yakovlev et al.); New Achievements in Neutrino Properties (S Stoica); High Energy Cosmic Rays: The Origin of Cosmic Rays (P Biermann); The Mystery of the Highest Energies in the Universe (H Rebel); The Cosmic Ray Experiment KASCADE-GRANDE (I M Brancus et al.); Prospects for the Detection of High-Energy Cosmic Rays Using Radio Techniques (Ad van den Berg); Nucleosynthesis and Nuclear Physics for Astrophysics: Explosive Nucleosynthesis: Supernovae, Classical Novae, and X-Ray Bursts (J Jose); Experimental Approach to Nuclear Reactions of Astrophysical Interest Involving Radioactive Nuclei (C Angulo); Background Studies at the LUNA Underground Accelerator Facility (Zs Fulop); Thoughts about Two of the Important Reactions in Nuclear Astrophysics (L Buchmann); Recent Experimental Studies of Nuclear Astrophysics Using Intermediate-Energy Exotic Beams (T Motobayashi); An Indirect Method Using ANCs in Nuclear Astrophysics (R E Tribble et al.); Recent Applications of the Trojan-Horse Method in Nuclear Astrophysics (C Spitaleri); Nuclear Astrophysics Experiments at CIAE (W Liu et al.); Global Reaction Models Relevant to the p Process (S V Harissopoulos); Large Facilities: TRIUMF OCo Canada's National Laboratory for Particle and Nuclear Physics (L Buchmann); Status of the AGATA Project (E Farnea); Research at ISOLDE and the Path to Eurisol (P A Butler); and other papers. Readership: Academics, Universities and research centres in physics. Undergraduate and graduate students, taking nuclear physics classes, research professionals in nuclear physics and astrophysics."

This book explores the main concepts that provide the basis for the creation and development of scientific knowledge. These concepts are called ‘mother ideas’. It also highlights the driving presence of stability in the accomplishment of all natural events, and details the creation and evolutionary mechanisms and phenomena that follow, both individually and collectively. As the book shows, primary observations serve to describe various ways in which natural objects behave generally. Its initial analysis of complex mechanisms leads to the phenomenon of consciousness being introduced. Elementary notions such as the “me”, affects, beauty and art are then redefined and detailed. The book ends with a brief comparison between the implications for knowledge and the action and use of the Darwinian and stability principles.

Dramatic progress has been made in all branches of physics since the National Research Council's 1986 decadal survey of the field. The Physics in a New Era series explores these advances and looks ahead to future goals. The series includes assessments of the major subfields and reports on several smaller subfields, and preparation has begun on an overview volume on the unity of physics, its relationships to other fields, and its contributions to national needs. Nuclear Physics is the latest volume of the series. The book describes current activity in understanding nuclear structure and symmetries, the behavior of matter at extreme densities, the role of nuclear physics in astrophysics and cosmology, and the instrumentation and facilities used by the field. It makes recommendations on the resources needed for experimental and theoretical advances in the coming decade.

This volume documents an important event in the World Year of Physics 2005 and a continuation of the traditional international summer schools that have taken place in Romania regularly since 1964. On one hand, the study of exotic nuclei seeks answers about the structure and interaction of unique finite quantum mechanical many-body systems. On the other, it provides data that have an impact on the understanding of the origin of the elements in the Universe.The contributions, written by outstanding professors from prestigious research centers over the world, provide the reader with both comprehensive reviews and the most recent results in the field. Large experimental facilities are discussed together with future research projects. The book offers insights into how experiments in terrestrial nuclear physics laboratories may be combined with observations in outer space to enlarge our basic knowledge.

A reference source that addresses fundamental questions in the field of nuclear astrophysics.

The book represents the proceedings of the conference with the same name, held for two weeks in the Carpathian mountains resort of Sinaia, Romania. It aims to provide the reader with comprehensive reviews on topics in exotic nuclei, nuclear and particle astrophysics, including the most recent results in the field. The articles are written by outstanding professors from prestigious research centers over the world. It treats phenomena from the smallest to largest scales in the Universe, from nuclei to galaxies. On one hand, the study of exotic nuclei is seeking answers about the structure and interaction of unique finite quantum mechanical many-body systems. On another hand, it provides data that have impact on the understanding of the origin of the elements in the Universe. The abundance of the elements are indelible fingerprints of the evolution of the Universe, of the large array of processes and places where nucleosynthesis took place. The High Energy cosmic rays give access to phenomena we cannot reproduce on Earth and places we will never want to visit, but seek to understand. The book collects articles that offer insights on how experiments in the terrestrial nuclear physics laboratories can be combined with observations of the outer space to enlarge our basic knowledge. The volume is dedicated to the 60th anniversary of Professor Robert E. Tribble (Texas A&M University).