The 10th Congress of the European Federation of National Associations of Ort- paedics and Traumatology (EFORT) is the most important combined congress of the national societies in Europe. At present a total of 36 societies are members of this organisation. The major goal of EFORT is to bring current knowledge of diseases and trauma of the musculoskeletal system to all European surgeons and additionally to welcome colleagues from all over the world to join us in sharing our daily work experience. In the scienti? c programme the instructional lectures form a very basic and imp- tant part of the Congress. In Vienna a total of 25 sessions are included in the p- gramme. The authors come from all over Europe and they discuss topics from many different ? elds of trauma and orthopaedics. These lectures not only give the oppor- nity for us to be informed about various diseases, but they are also in? uenced by the authors’ experience based on the treatment philosophy in their own country – again an opportunity to widen the European horizon. They are aimed at both the general orthopaedic surgeons and the young residents and trainees who want to widen their knowledge in different topics of orthopaedic and trauma surgery. As the chairman of the Local Organising Committee I thank all the authors for providing their presentation for publication in this volume. I also address my special thanks to Professor George Bentley for organising this edition.

This fourteenth volume in the EUROPEAN INSTRUCTIONAL LECTURES series continues the format of educational chapters from across Orthopaedics and Traumatology contributed by distinguished Orthopaedic Educators in Europe. It provides current material and major advances covering a range of topics including: General Orthopaedics, Basic Science and Technology, Musculo-skeletal Tumours, Infections, Paediatric Orthopaedics, Trauma, Spine, Upper Limb, Hip, Knee, Leg, Ankle and Foot. All the chapters are based on lectures presented at the 15th EFORT Congress in London, England. The lectures are an authoritative source of information illustrated by radiographs, MRI, CT and PET Scans, operative photographs, tables and line drawings as appropriate. They are an invaluable source of instruction for Surgeons and Trainees alike. This book was edited by Professor George Bentley, Chairman, Scientific Publications Committee of EFORT.

This volume examines the EU’s changing educational context and its challenges. Based on an extensive survey of more than 2000 European Studies courses in 30 European countries, it maps and analyses the features of teaching methodologies as they emerge from both disciplinary as well as interdisciplinary curricula. It presents a series of case studies on some of the most-used innovative teaching tools emerging in the field such as simulation games, e-learning, problem based learning, blended learning, and learning through the use of social networks. Based on the contributors’ own experiences and academic research, the book examines both strengths and possible pitfalls of these increasingly popular methods. The book’s critical approach will inspire educators and scholars committed to improving the teaching methods and tools in the area of European Studies and other programmes of higher education facing similar challenges.

This book, comprising the Instructional Course Lectures delivered at the 19th ESSKA Congress in Milan in 2021, provides an excellent update on current scientific and clinical knowledge in the field of orthopaedics and sports traumatology. It addresses a variety of interesting and controversial topics relating to the shoulder, elbow, hip, knee and foot, all of which are highly relevant to orthopaedic surgeons’ daily practice. Featuring contributions written by leading experts from around the globe, it enables readers to gain a better understanding of pathologies, which in turn can lead to more individualized treatments for patients. The book is of interest to clinicians and researchers alike.

The Bologna Reform has been implemented in a large part of the European Union and it is time to take a short pause to reflect over some of the lessons learned up to now. The aim of this book is to share experiences and reflections on English for Specific Purposes pedagogy in Western European higher education. Taking as a starting point the development of the EU policies during the past couple of decades and their national implementations, the chapters in this book provide various perspectives, both theoretical and practical, on the ways in which the reform has been implemented and its effects on the teaching of ESP. Experiences of developing programmes and courses incorporating Content and Language Integrated Learning and Autonomous and Lifelong Learning are described, as well as Problem-Based Learning and Process-Genre Pedagogies. The book also includes chapters on the crucial, but often neglected issue of teacher support in meeting the challenges of teaching content through the medium of English.

This volume provides a focused account of English Medium Instruction (EMI) in European higher education, considering issues of ideologies, policies, and practices. This is an essential book for academics, students, policy makers, and educators directly or indirectly implicated in the internationalization of European higher education.

Section 1. Upper extremity trauma. Section 2.Lower extreemity trauma. Section 3. Pelvic and acetabular trauma. Section 4. Care of the trauma patient.