INTRODUCTION Ethnic and informal entrepreneurship was long-time accused for its lack of initiative and realism to assure satisfaction standards asked by the non-community clientele. This has restrained access to a larger market to these products and services (outputs) from economic players of this sector. With the inputting of contribution and the adaptation of management tools like strategy, it becomes possible to transform these gaps with the opportunity to play at a level playing field or equitable with local entrepreneurs. This is in order to manage such businesses like a project and a project like a business (especially community and development projects). This guide, written in a particular style, presents a proximity approach to take profit of the time to produce quality as a sales pitch. It bases on learning techniques (of the environment and of the profession) and later, on the habilitation by the acquired competencies and, finally, on the affirmation of the action and sensitization of the community. To finish, this guide supports the process developed in my project structure model (complete), shown as part of my courses and of the coaching offered elsewhere: Definition – Vocation – Idea – Vision – Mission – Objective – Strategy – Tactics – Action Plan – Projects – Utility.

A study of the racial-ethnic history of the United States and the perpetuation of racial hierarchy. Race is a known fiction—there is no genetic marker that indicates someone’s race—yet the social stigma of race endures. In the United States, ethnicity is often positioned as a counterweight to race, and we celebrate our various hyphenated-American identities. But Vilna Bashi Treitler argues that we do so at a high cost: ethnic thinking simply perpetuates an underlying racism. In The Ethnic Project, Bashi Treitler considers the ethnic history of the United States from the arrival of the English in North America through to the present day. Tracing the histories of immigrant and indigenous groups—Irish, Chinese, Italians, Jews, Native Americans, Mexicans, Afro-Caribbeans, and African Americans—she shows how each negotiates America’s racial hierarchy, aiming to distance themselves from the bottom and align with the groups already at the top. But in pursuing these “ethnic projects” these groups implicitly accept and perpetuate a racial hierarchy, shoring up rather than dismantling race and racism. Ultimately, The Ethnic Project shows how dangerous ethnic thinking can be in a society that has not let go of racial thinking. Praise for The Ethnic Project “An outstanding work that makes an important contribution to our understanding of the past and present racial history of the United States. The book is very well written (Bashi Treitler’s prose is a delight to read) and meticulously researched . . . . The Ethnic Project should definitely be part of the conversation as we press forward with the task of understanding race in the United States.” —Ashley “Woody” Doane, American Journal of Sociology “Treitler offers a succinct history and diagnosis of racial grouping in the U.S., from the nation’s origin to the contemporary moment . . . . The text has solid promise as an introductory ethnic studies course reading . . . . Highly recommended.” —N. B. Barnd, CHOICE “With her ingenious concept of ‘ethnic projects,’ Vilna Bashi Treitler brings a new optic to the study of race . . . . [and] provides an authoritative answer to those who ask the tired question, ‘We made it, why haven’t they?’” —Stephen Steinberg, author of Race Relations: A Critique “Treitler masterfully weaves race and ethnicity into a single historical narrative that reveals the ugly reality of exploitation and stratification that has always undergirded American society.” —Douglas S. Massey, Princeton University

INTRODUCTION The very Essence of our economic and social approach is to contribute to the official global effort against poverty (and not Poor, Precarious and Profane) that could, in an alternative way, be encouraged by twinning between people from the South, their Diaspora and their supporters. We are a Strategic Organization Consulting Firm and a Community Economy Think Tank and we have 3 axes of intervention namely: Consortium Partnership with NGOs and Consulting Firms; Business, Project and Technical Writing Services for SMEs; and (Re)Structuring of Informal and Ethnic VSEs. Our target audience is Peer Homes of, Economic Actors (Commerce and Enterprise) and Community Leaders (Administration and Families), regardless of gender or age, who are deprived of equity in their civil rights. This is our terms of Preference: The Ethnic Diaspora becoming for the Informal People an Overseas Partner (OSP), the African economic regions developing between them privileged exchanges and limiting or severely regulating those with the other regions on the model of China during its recovery by ostracism.

Twenty years since the publication of the Second Edition and more than thirty years since the publication of the original book, Racial Formation in the United States now arrives with each chapter radically revised and rewritten by authors Michael Omi and Howard Winant, but the overall purpose and vision of this classic remains the same: Omi and Winant provide an account of how concepts of race are created and transformed, how they become the focus of political conflict, and how they come to shape and permeate both identities and institutions. The steady journey of the U.S. toward a majority nonwhite population, the ongoing evisceration of the political legacy of the early post-World War II civil rights movement, the initiation of the ‘war on terror’ with its attendant Islamophobia, the rise of a mass immigrants rights movement, the formulation of race/class/gender ‘intersectionality’ theories, and the election and reelection of a black President of the United States are some of the many new racial conditions Racial Formation now covers.

As part of a growing nationwide movement to bring Ethnic Studies into K-12 classrooms, Rethinking Ethnic Studies brings together many of the leading teachers, activists, and scholars in this movement to offer examples of Ethnic Studies frameworks, classroom practices, and organizing at the school, district, and statewide levels. Built around core themes of indigeneity, colonization, anti-racism, and activism, Rethinking Ethnic Studies offers vital resources for educators committed to the ongoing struggle for racial justice in our schools.

Ethnic Entrepreneurs examines how diverse groups, including indigenous communities in Latin America and Latino communities in the United States, have become visible and valuable as agents of economic development in Latin America in recent years.

"Drawing on Christine Sleeter's review of research on the academic and social impact of ethnic studies commissioned by the National Education Association, this book will examine the value and forms of teaching and researching ethnic studies. The book employs a diverse conceptual framework, including critical pedagogy, anti-racism, Afrocentrism, Indigeneity, youth participatory action research, and critical multicultural education. The book provides cases of classroom teachers to 'illustrate what such conceptual framework look like when enacted in the classroom, as well as tensions that spring from them within school bureaucracies driven by neoliberalism.' Sleeter and Zavala will also outline ways to conduct research for 'investigating both learning and broader impacts of ethnic research used for liberatory ends'"--