Excerpt from Essays in Taxation OF the essays published in this volume about one-half are new. The others have already appeared during the past five years in various scientific periodicals, like the Political Science Quarterly, Quarterly Journal of Economics, Yale Review and Journal of the Social Science Association, but have been revised and brought down to date. Although nominally disconnected, the essays, new and old, which are here printed, will, I trust, be found not to be entirely lack ing in continuity, or unworthy of the more permanent form which they now assume. Although they were written primarily from the American point of view, I venture to hope that the discussions of theory may prove to be of a wider interest. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.

Excerpt from Essays in Federal Taxation The investigation of the Federal tax system now being undertaken by the Ways and Means Committee assumes that there is, or may be, something seriously wrong with the Federal tax system. This as sumption would command general agreement, and I would not quar rel with it. The committee has drawn up a long list of aspects of Federal taxation about which it is commonly claimed that something is wrong. These aspects of the tax system will be discussed by experts. The function of the contributors to the introductory section of this study is, as I see it, to suggest what might be wrong with the Federal tax system. What are the standards by which each of the numerous aspects of the tax system should be judged? What do we expect from the tax system that it may not be providing for us? About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.

Excerpt from English Taxation, 1640 1799: An Essay on Policy and Opinion This book is a result of an attempt made several years ago to understand the grounds of English tax policy since the re-imposition of the Income Tax and the beginning of the reform of the tariff in 1842. That attempt was made in the expectation that, if at all successful, it would not only explain much that seems fortuitous in our present tax system, but would also throw light upon some important general questions which theoretical works on taxation appeared to me to treat superficially. The attempt was so far successful that this expectation became a working hypothesis, but so far unsuccessful that I was unable to understand with any assurance certain aspects of the policy of the period from the material which the period itself offered. This was particularly true of policy regarding the taxation of the wage-earning classes. In the h0pe that the history of the preceding period would help to. Resolve these doubts, I went back to the time of William Pitt. The material turned out to be in many ways more significant but I found myself still unable to interpret it as a whole with any certainty. In effect the doubtful aspects of the policy of Parliament were thrown into stronger relief, but not explained. In this difficulty I again went back to the period dealt with in this book, in the history of which, I believe, are to be found not only the main elements of the interpretation which was lacking, but also much assistance towards a realiza tion of what is involved in the permanent general question of the distribution of taxation. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.

Excerpt from Two Essays on the Taxation of Unearned Incomes The task confronting us through these essays is to discover whether taxation can advantageously be used as a chief tool in the attainment and perpetuation of eco nomic democracy, and, if system of taxation is best for the end in view. Such an inquiry as is here proposed, may well involve, as a first step, a consideration of the nature of the economic system in and through which the people of the modern world carry on their struggle for the means of existence. For unless we sup pose this system to be the best possible, it ought clearly to be either modified in greater or less degree or super seded. And whether the former or the latter change can be most effectively brought about or can be brought about at all, by taxation, as well as whether either sort of change ought to be brought about by any method, can hardly be intelligently decided without an understanding of the fundamental nature of the system of which the modification or supersession is contemplated. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.