Epigenetics and Complex Traits
Title | Epigenetics and Complex Traits PDF eBook |
Author | Anna K. Naumova |
Publisher | Springer Science & Business Media |
Pages | 356 |
Release | 2013-09-17 |
Genre | Medical |
ISBN | 1461480787 |
This book will provide an overview of basic epigenetic phenomena; interaction between epigenetic and genetic factors; and the influence of epigenetic factors on inheritance. Epigenetic states may contribute to the penetrance of genetic polymorphisms or mutations and thereby modify inheritance patterns. This may result in non‐Mendelian inheritance of genetic traits such as observed in common human disease. The relationship between epigenetics and genetics, however, has not been comprehensively summarized yet. The topic is being more and more appreciated lately due to considerable advances in genomic and epigenomic approaches to study the origins of human disease. The editors will focus not only on describing epigenetic characteristics, mechanisms and results, but also on how considerations of epigenetics can alter interpretation and analysis of risks for complex traits. This book will be a resource for those who have been working in human genetics or analysis of human genetic data and are studying the impact of epigenetics on inheritance. An overview will be given of the impacts of inter‐individual variation in epigenetic states from major changes (errors in genomic imprinting) that cause congenital developmental defects to subtle changes and their impact on complex traits. The editors will discuss the relationship between epigenetic changes and genetic changes in human disease. Several chapters will also focus on statistical analysis of epigenetics effects, either in human disease genetic studies, or in population genetics.
Epigenetics of Complex Traits and Diseases
Title | Epigenetics of Complex Traits and Diseases PDF eBook |
Author | Charles E. Breeze |
Publisher | |
Pages | 0 |
Release | 2017 |
Genre | |
ISBN |
Epigenetics
Title | Epigenetics PDF eBook |
Author | Benedikt Hallgrimsson Ph.D. |
Publisher | Univ of California Press |
Pages | 469 |
Release | 2011-04-11 |
Genre | Science |
ISBN | 0520948823 |
Illuminating the processes and patterns that link genotype to phenotype, epigenetics seeks to explain features, characters, and developmental mechanisms that can only be understood in terms of interactions that arise above the level of the gene. With chapters written by leading authorities, this volume offers a broad integrative survey of epigenetics. Approaching this complex subject from a variety of perspectives, it presents a broad, historically grounded view that demonstrates the utility of this approach for understanding complex biological systems in development, disease, and evolution. Chapters cover such topics as morphogenesis and organ formation, conceptual foundations, and cell differentiation, and together demonstrate that the integration of epigenetics into mainstream developmental biology is essential for answering fundamental questions about how phenotypic traits are produced.
Epigenetic Mechanisms of Gene Regulation
Title | Epigenetic Mechanisms of Gene Regulation PDF eBook |
Author | Vincenzo E. A. Russo |
Publisher | |
Pages | 716 |
Release | 1996 |
Genre | Medical |
ISBN |
Many inheritable changes in gene function are not explained by changes in the DNA sequence. Such epigenetic mechanisms are known to influence gene function in most complex organisms and include effects such as transposon function, chromosome imprinting, yeast mating type switching and telomeric silencing. In recent years, epigenetic effects have become a major focus of research activity. This monograph, edited by three well-known biologists from different specialties, is the first to review and synthesize what is known about these effects across all species, particularly from a molecular perspective, and will be of interest to everyone in the fields of molecular biology and genetics.
Human Epigenetics: How Science Works
Title | Human Epigenetics: How Science Works PDF eBook |
Author | Carsten Carlberg |
Publisher | Springer Nature |
Pages | 153 |
Release | 2019-09-24 |
Genre | Medical |
ISBN | 3030229076 |
The view “It’s all in our genes and we cannot change it” developed in the past 150 years since Gregor Mendel’s experiments with flowering pea plants. However, there is a special form of genetics, referred to as epigenetics, which does not involve any change of our genes but regulates how and when they are used. In the cell nucleus our genes are packed into chromatin, which is a complex of histone proteins and genomic DNA, representing the molecular basis of epigenetics. Our environment and lifestyle decisions influence the epigenetics of our cells and organs, i.e. epigenetics changes dynamically throughout our whole life. Thus, we have the chance to change our epigenetics in a positive as well as negative way and present the onset of diseases, such a type 2 diabetes or cancer. This textbook provides a molecular explanation how our genome is connected with environmental signals. It outlines that epigenetic programming is a learning process that results in epigenetic memory in each of the cells of our body. The central importance of epigenetics during embryogenesis and cellular differentiation as well as in the process of aging and the risk for the development of cancer are discussed. Moreover, the role of the epigenome as a molecular storage of cellular events not only in the brain but also in metabolic organs and in the immune system is described. The book represents an updated but simplified version of our textbook “Human Epigenomics” (ISBN 978-981-10-7614-8). The first five chapters explain the molecular basis of epigenetics, while the following seven chapters provide examples for the impact of epigenetics in human health and disease.
Genetics and Epigenetics of Early Life Development
Title | Genetics and Epigenetics of Early Life Development PDF eBook |
Author | |
Publisher | |
Pages | 0 |
Release | 2022 |
Genre | |
ISBN | 9789083246819 |
The PhD thesis Genetics and epigenetics of early life development by Veronika Odintsova (VU, Amsterdam) concerns traits and exposures associated with early life development. It contains a series of studies that have as a background the role of nature and nurture in human development. In these studies, the author used contemporary genetic epidemiological methods and the latest molecular biology advances, and applied these to early life traits in two large cohorts in the Netherlands and UK—the Netherlands Twin Register (NTR) and the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC). The NTR samples comprises twins, which is a valuable resource in research on early life development and biomarkers, because the twin design allows one evaluate genetic and environmental influences on the phenotypes of interest. Studying early life outcomes and traits, such as a newborn state at birth assessed with Apgar scores (i.e., scores based on newborn appearance, pulse, grimace, activity, and respiration) or handedness, the author found a very small contribution of genetic influences to those traits, and hypothesized that epigenetic modifications could play a role. Most epigenetic programming is thought to take place within the first 1000 days of life. Epigenetic mechanisms are mechanisms that influence gene expression throughout the lifespan. Some epigenetic changes, such as DNA methylation, which are attributable to early life factors and exposures, can persist throughout childhood and into adulthood. This thesis focused on DNA methylation, as a source of variation, in addition to the genetic and environmental sources. It focused, inter alia, on epigenetic differences related to early life exposures – prenatal maternal smoking and breastfeeding – and complex traits – birth weight, BMI, left-handedness, and aggression.
Environmental Epigenetics
Title | Environmental Epigenetics PDF eBook |
Author | L. Joseph Su |
Publisher | Springer |
Pages | 327 |
Release | 2015-05-18 |
Genre | Medical |
ISBN | 1447166787 |
This book examines the toxicological and health implications of environmental epigenetics and provides knowledge through an interdisciplinary approach. Included in this volume are chapters outlining various environmental risk factors such as phthalates and dietary components, life states such as pregnancy and ageing, hormonal and metabolic considerations and specific disease risks such as cancer cardiovascular diseases and other non-communicable diseases. Environmental Epigenetics imparts integrative knowledge of the science of epigenetics and the issues raised in environmental epidemiology. This book is intended to serve both as a reference compendium on environmental epigenetics for scientists in academia, industry and laboratories and as a textbook for graduate level environmental health courses. Environmental Epigenetics imparts integrative knowledge of the science of epigenetics and the issues raised in environmental epidemiology. This book is intended to serve both as a reference compendium on environmental epigenetics for scientists in academia, industry and laboratories and as a textbook for graduate level environmental health courses.