In this book, a number of long-term energy scenarios are developed for Nigeria considering the impact of vital factors that may influence energy policies in the country’s future energy system. The energy scenarios were developed through the Long-Range Energy Alternatives Planning System (LEAP) model. The model identified the future energy demand and supply pattern using a least-cost combination of technology options while limiting the emission of greenhouse gases. The book presents four scenarios, and key parameters considered include GDP, households, population, urbanization and the growth rates of energy-intensive sectors. Further, it highlights the findings of the cost-benefit analysis, which reveal the costs of implementing selected policies and strategies in Nigeria, including those focusing on energy efficiency and fuel/technology switching. The book also discusses the application of the LEAP-OSeMOSYS Model in order to identify lowest-cost power plants for electricity generation. Some sustainable strategies that can ensure a low carbon development in Nigeria are also explored on the basis of successful country cases in relation to the Nigerian LEAP model. As such, the book will help policy makers devise energy and sustainable strategies to achieve low carbon development in Nigeria.

This book deals with short-term and long-term issues associated with directions of economic development in developing as well as industrialized countries. It examines various aspects of the interrelationships among the environment, energy requirements, and economic development-- a topic much discussed since the Rio Earth Summit. It emphasizes the increasing environmental stress arising from such human activities as growing energy consumption associated with economic development; the risk of further environmental degradation due to economic development in developing countries; the importance of global environmental problems such as climate change resulting from greenhouse gas emissions; the significance of impacts of deforestation and desertification on rural societies in the developing world; the role of new technologies in addressing the trilemma of energy demand, economic development, and the environment; the opportunity for the developing economies through implementing technological leapfrogging and phased approaches; and the need for removing technological, economic, and social barriers to achieving sustainable development. It underscores the need for further scientific information and analytical studies, such as improved climate and econometric modelling. The book will be of tremendous value to experts and policy makers dealing with energy and sustainable development issues.

The aim of this book is to highlight the great potential of decentralized (i.e. local or urban) energy policies in achieving environmentally-benign developments for modern cities. Urban sustainability is placed in the context of the debate on global sustainable development. A wide array of policy initiatives is discussed and evaluated, ranging from market-based energy policies to technological innovation policies for the energy sector. A theoretical framework for technology adoption processes is developed and empirically tested. The main question addressed is: which are the critical success factors for successful urban energy policies? This question is also dealt with in a meta-analytic context by assessing and comparing the performance of energy policies in various European cities, with a particular view to renewable energy.

Energy for Sustainable Development: Demand, Supply, Conversion and Management presents a comprehensive look at recent developments and provides guidance on energy demand, supply, analysis and forecasting of modern energy technologies for sustainable energy conversion. The book analyzes energy management techniques and the economic and environmental impact of energy usage and storage. Including modern theories and the latest technologies used in the conversion of energy for traditional fossil fuels and renewable energy sources, this book provides a valuable reference on recent innovations. Researchers, engineers and policymakers will find this book to be a comprehensive guide on modern theories and technologies for sustainable development. Uniquely covers Energy Demand, Supply, Conversion and Management in one complete reference Offers relevant information for both undergraduate and postgraduate programs on energy conversion, making it a key reference for study Includes extensive coverage that links energy conversion with efficiency and management through storage, savings, economics and environmental impact

This book results from a pioneering effort to organize a productive interdisciplinary research program on sustainable development policy in a small country not previously recognized as a world leader in environmental social science. The results are very promising, considering the short time frame and the high barriers to success for such an enterprise - differences in concepts and terminology, disciplinary myopia, and the inherent difficulty of the problem. In the USA, where I work, these barriers continue to pose major challenges after some 30 years of effort. Switzerland has made noteworthy progress in only five. I hope this book represents the beginning of a long term effort at problem-oriented interdisciplinary collaboration among Swiss researchers and prac titioners. The Swiss group has succeeded in developing a unifying framework that makes a major contri bution to environmental policy analysis. The framework broadens policy thinking by giving se rious treatment to underutilized strategies that rely on communication and informal influence as well as to well-studied ones that rely on technological change, regulation, and economic forces. This broad typology makes it easier for an analyst to escape the tendency to presume that the po licy instrument currently in fashion, whether it be market-based instruments, voluntary measures, or whatever, is the right strategy for all problems. It also encourages discipline-based analysts to consider how their favored strategies might be combined with other strategies less familiar to them, and thus to craft strategies that can take advantage of the strengths of various policy instruments.

A series of roundtable meetings on U.S. energy policy were held around the nation, Aug. 2, 1994-Jan. 13, 1995. Participants sought public input on energy topics. Here are summaries of the roundtable meetings, including questions from their audiences.

This volume illustrates the relationship between environmental factors and economic development of countries from various angles. Global warming has become a problem that threatens the whole world, especially in recent years. It is known that the main reason for this is carbon emissions. On the other hand, carbon emissions generally consist of fossil fuel-based energy consumption. This situation creates very serious environmental problems. Because of this problem, the concept of carbon zero has become very popular, especially in recent years. Many countries take some actions to minimize carbon emissions. Especially in the coming years, carbon emissions will become a competitive factor for countries and businesses. In this respect, countries with low carbon emissions will be preferred more in foreign trade. In addition, businesses that do not generate carbon emissions in the production process will also gain a significant competitive advantage in international trade. The contributions take a multidimensional outlook to energy investments and offer solutions for decision-making for energy projects in risky business ecosystems.