This book examines emerging theories, frameworks, and applications of global marketing for the 21st century. It highlights how global marketing is changing in a globalized and digital economy that is fast increasing in complexity and uncertainty. The traditional approach to global marketing is no longer sufficient to address the emerging issues in global markets. Global companies need to challenge traditional assumptions in global marketing in an era of shifting political, cultural, economic, and technological changes. They need to take a fresh look at the contemporary threats and opportunities in markets, institutions, and technology and how they affect entry and expansion strategies through careful re-calibration of the marketing-mix. This book offers new insights for global marketing that addresses these issues. This book should be an ideal resource to both academic scholars and reflective practitioners globally such as CEOs and chief marketing officers as well as government officials and policy makers interested in formulating strategies/policies for global marketing activities in the face of a globalized and digitized economy. This well-crafted research volume is an excellent addition to the growing literature on new trends in international marketing. The authors present the latest insight on the impact of phenomena such as cross-border e-commerce and digital markets, and they discuss new tools for political risk assessment, international branding and more broadly the reconfiguring of marketing-mix strategies – A powerful reminder that the new global market remains a rugged landscape. - Alain Verbeke, McCaig Research Chair in Management and Editor-in-Chief Journal of International Business Studies, University of Calgary, Canada. Emerging trends in institutions, markets, and societies, along with new technological advances, are redefining the scope and strategy in global marketing. Professors Agarwal and Wu have assembled a remarkable collection of cutting-edge topics and issues that capture the shifting paradigm and contemporary developments in the global marketing field. This is an informative and timely resource that makes a valuable contribution, useful for both scholars and business practitioners of global marketing. - Constantine S. Katsikeas, Arnold Ziff Endowed Research Chair in Marketing & International Management, Editor-in-Chief Journal of International Marketing, University of Leeds, UK. This book presents new and cutting-edge thinking at a time when the traditional views of international marketing need to be scrapped. Convergence forces are creating new opportunities as well as threats on a daily basis, and marketing practitioners as well as scholars must be forewarned as well as forearmed on how to deal with these changes. The real growth is coming from the emerging nations, and the theories that provided sufficient insights ten years ago have been completely outmoded by the ever-accelerating rate of innovation and technological change as well as the pressures to address the needs of all of the firm’s relevant stakeholders. The strategic insights provided here are absolutely invaluable. Don’t miss an opportunity to read this book!! - John B. Ford, Professor of Marketing & International Business, Eminent Scholar & Haislip-Rohrer Fellow, Editor-in-Chief, Journal of Advertising Research, Old Dominion University, USA.

The growth of new technologies, internet, virtualization, and the globalization of production and consumption has given focus on new marketing strategies in the cyber era. This has shaped a demand for an innovative conceptual framework for the marketing industry. Marketing in the Cyber Era: Strategies and Emerging Trends brings together best practices and innovative approaches for effective marketing in today’s economy. Stressing the importance of structure, strategy, leadership, and marketing in the Cyber Era; this book is a useful tool for upper-level students, researchers, academicians, professionals and practitioners, scientists, and executive managers of marketing in profit and non-profit organizations.

The childhood obesity epidemic is an urgent public health problem. The most recent data available show that nearly 19 percent of boys and about 15 percent of girls aged 2-19 are obese, and almost a third of U.S. children and adolescents are overweight or obese (Ogden et al., 2012). The obesity epidemic will continue to take a substantial toll on the health of Americans. In the midst of this epidemic, children are exposed to an enormous amount of commercial advertising and marketing for food. In 2009, children aged 2-11 saw an average of more than 10 television food ads per day (Powell et al., 2011). Children see and hear advertising and marketing messages for food through many other channels as well, including radio, movies, billboards, and print media. Most notably, many new digital media venues and vehicles for food marketing have emerged in recent years, including Internet-based advergames, couponing on cell phones, and marketing on social networks, and much of this advertising is invisible to parents. The marketing of high-calorie, low-nutrient foods and beverages is linked to overweight and obesity. A major 2006 report from the Institute of Medicine (IOM) documents evidence that television advertising influences the food and beverage preferences, requests, and short-term consumption of children aged 2-11 (IOM, 2006). Challenges and Opportunities for Change in Food Marketing to Children and Youth also documents a body of evidence showing an association of television advertising with the adiposity of children and adolescents aged 2-18. The report notes the prevailing pattern that food and beverage products marketed to children and youth are often high in calories, fat, sugar, and sodium; are of low nutritional value; and tend to be from food groups Americans are already overconsuming. Furthermore, marketing messages that promote nutrition, healthful foods, or physical activity are scarce (IOM, 2006). To review progress and explore opportunities for action on food and beverage marketing that targets children and youth, the IOM's Standing Committee on Childhood Obesity Prevention held a workshop in Washington, DC, on November 5, 2012, titled "New Challenges and Opportunities in Food Marketing to Children and Youth."

The application of marketing concepts to sports products and services is vital to the success of the industry. When appealing to the target audience of an event, it is essential to construct a strong marketing plan by utilizing emergent technologies and strategies. Strategies in Sports Marketing: Technologies and Emerging Trends provides relevant information on the marketing strategies and marketing trends of sporting events by highlighting the plans and tactical operations that sports organizations conduct when integrating marketing strategies. This publication is a comprehensive reference source for students, researchers, academicians, professionals and practitioners, as well as scientists and executive managers interested in the marketing strategies of sporting events.

For years, language teachers have increasingly been using technologies of all kinds, from computers to smartphones, to help their students learn. Current trends in TELTL (technology-enhanced language teaching and learning), such as artificial intelligence, virtual reality, augmented reality, gamification, and social networking, appear to represent major shifts in the digital language learning landscape. However, various applications of technology to mediate language learning may be informed by reflecting not only on the present but perhaps more importantly on relevant insights from past research and practice. Emerging Concepts in Technology-Enhanced Language Teaching and Learning explores the recent development of the new technologies for language teaching and learning to gain insights into and synergy of the theories, pedagogies, technological design, and evaluation of TELTL environments for comprehending the trends and strategies of the new digital era as well as investigate the possibility of future TELTL research direction. The book includes trends shaped by contemporary issues such as the COVID-19 pandemic. Covering topics such as digital education tools, L2 learnings, and sentiment analysis, this book serves as an essential resource for researchers, language teachers, educational software developers, administrators, IT consultants, technologists, professors, pre-service teachers, academicians, and students.