Excision, or female genital mutilation (FGM), in Africa is no longer the private concern only of women; it is a social and political issue that concerns both men and women and this book reports on an innovative research and action project amongst girls and boys in Burkina Faso, Mali, and Senegal. The project explores whether young people's use of information technology could contribute to the abandonment of FGM. In the age of the internet, beliefs and practices of FGM are shifting, particularly among young people. The results of this project show how, in the era of globalized citizenship, a cross-sectional vision that puts young people and gender at the center of development can produce real change.

2. Prevalence and epidemiology

Recommendations -- Background -- Female genital mutilation around the world -- Female genital mutilation in Iraqi Kurdistan -- Female genital mutilation : a human rights issue -- Official action on FGM.

To ban excision in Meru, Kenya, Lynn Thomas

This book describes essential operative techniques that can be used to anatomically reconstruct the outer female genital in acquired deformities derived from ritual genital mutilation/cutting, and diseases causing similar deforming defects. Following an introduction with general insights on the topic, the main chapters deal with basic considerations and special anatomical information. With the help of high-quality videos and images, the reader receives detailed instructions on clitoral and vulvar reconstruction with techniques invented by the author, named the NMCS-procedure, the OD-flap and the aOAP-flap procedures. The book is rounded out with chapters describing postoperative care and how to manage complications. The integrity of their outer genitals is important for patients’ physical and psychological wellbeing. As such, the vulva is now receiving increasing attention and will likely continue to grow in importance in plastic surgery. The author, who has developed outstanding procedures for vulvar and clitoral reconstruction over the years, shares his considerable experience and hopes to highlight the importance of these methods to overcome the burden of female genital mutilation/cutting.

As the movement to end all forms of violence against women and girls (VAWG) gains momentum around the world, this provocative new work applies an innovative theoretical lens to gendered violence across a wide variety of countries and contexts. Global Perspectives on Violence against Women and Girls engages with VAWG in the UK and across the global South, including case studies from India, Pakistan and South Sudan. Considering various forms of violence including harmful cultural practices such as FGM to Early Child Marriage, dowry and bride price related harassment, stranger rape, work-based harassment, Intimate Partner Violence and other forms of domestic violence, this important volume creates an original critical lens by combining the ecology model, the intersectional approach and a spectrum designed to identify the range of different forms of VAWG in a given context. Arguing for a greater understanding of the local political and cultural contexts in which VAWG is allowed to flourish, Global Perspectives on Violence against Women and Girls is one of the few works to give due prominence to local women's organizations in the global South and beyond, who it argues must ultimately play the leading role in ending VAWG. At a time when the fight against violent misogyny finds itself at a critical turning point, this volume makes a substantial and timely contribution towards the ultimate goal of ending VAWG.