This latest edition continues the evolution toward the ultimate realization of a new technique for solving electromagnetic propagation problems. The technique combines the classical and intuitive use of a transmission line matrix (TLM) while striving for consistency with the guideposts demanded by quantum mechanics and the essential structure of electromagnetic theory. The matrix then becomes a useful vehicle for examining both coherent and noncoherent electromagnetic waves. The goal is a mathematical tool capable of solving problems related to the propagation of transient, high-speed, complex waveforms containing both symmetric and plane wave components. For such waveforms, standard classical electromagnetic theory is unable to provide a truly accurate solution since it does not properly account for the correlations among the various TLM cells. The correlations among neighboring TLM cells allow the cell waves to sense one another and to collectively participate as a coherent wave.For arbitrary signals, e.g., complex, high speed, highly non-uniform signals, the correlation model must be placed on a firmer footing to insure the proper correlation strength based on the close adherence to quantum mechanical principles. The purpose of the Third Edition is to thereby improve the correlation model, and incorporate the model into the simulations. The simulation results thus obtained show great promise in describing the full range of electromagnetic phenomena. Wave divergence and diffraction simulations, employing both composite and shorter range correlation models, have been incorporated. The models employ correlation coefficients which may be linked with quantum mechanical parameters, thus providing a deeper understanding of coherent wave fronts.

Summary: Describes transmission line matrix techniques for solving electromagnetic problems. The approach visualizes the propagation medium as divided into identical cells with the electromagnetic energy confined to transmission lines which separate the cells. The author, who works for United Silicon Carbide, develops the electromagnetic scattering equations for one, two and three dimensions, corrects the transmission line matrix for any wave properties, and incorporates boundary conditions and dispersion into the method. Finally, he outlines a computer program for finding the transient solution of a 2D semiconductor switch whose conductivity is induced by a light source.

This book employs a relatively new method for solving electromagnetic problems, one which makes use of a transmission line matrix (TLM). The propagation space is imagined to be filled with this matrix. The propagating fields and physical properties are then mapped onto the matrix. Mathematically, the procedures are identical with the traditional numerical methods; however, the interpretation and physical appeal of the transmission line matrix are far superior. Any change in the matrix has an immediate physical significance. What is also very important is that the matrix becomes a launching pad for many improvements in the analysis, using more modern notions of electromagnetic waves. Eventually, the purely mathematical techniques will probably give way to the transmission line matrix method.Major revisions occur in chapters IV and VII in this second edition. The revised chapters now present an up-to-date and concise treatment on plane wave correlations and decorrelations, and provide a revised formulation of simulation to solve transient electromagnetic problems. It also takes into account semiconductors with arbitrary dielectric constant, using much smaller cell size, and extending the range of applicability and improving accuracy.

The theory of transmission lines is a classical topic of electrical engineering. Recently this topic has received renewed attention and has been a focus of considerable research. This is because the transmisson line theory has found new and important applications in the area of high-speed VLSI interconnects, while it has retained its significance in the area of power transmission. In many applications, transmission lines are connected to nonlinear circuits. For instance, interconnects of high-speed VLSI chips can be modelled as transmission lines loaded with nonlinear elements. These nonlinearities may lead to many new effects such as instability, chaos, generation of higher order harmonics, etc. The mathematical models of transmission lines with nonlinear loads consist of the linear partial differential equations describing the current and voltage dynamics along the lines together with the nonlinear boundary conditions imposed by the nonlinear loads connected to the lines. These nonlinear boundary conditions make the mathematical treatment very difficult. For this reason, the analysis of transmission lines with nonlinear loads has not been addressed adequately in the existing literature. The unique and distinct feature of the proposed book is that it will present systematic, comprehensive, and in-depth analysis of transmission lines with nonlinear loads. - A unified approach for the analysis of networks composed of distributed and lumped circuits - A simple, concise and completely general way to present the wave propagation on transmission lines, including a thorough study of the line equations in characteristic form - Frequency and time domain multiport representations of any linear transmission line - A detailed analysis of the influence on the line characterization of the frequency and space dependence of the line parameters - A rigorous study of the properties of the analytical and numerical solutions of the network equations - The associated discrete circuits and the associated resisitive circuits of transmission lines - Periodic solutions, bifurcations and chaos in transmission lines connected to noninear lumped circuits

Electromagnetic transients simulation (EMTS) has become a universal tool for the analysis of power system electromagnetic transients in the range of nanoseconds to seconds. This book provides a thorough review of EMTS and many simple examples are included to clarify difficult concepts. This book will be of particular value to advanced engineering students and practising power systems engineers.

This book teaches the finite-difference frequency-domain (FDFD) method from the simplest concepts to advanced three-dimensional simulations. It uses plain language and high-quality graphics to help the complete beginner grasp all the concepts quickly and visually. This single resource includes everything needed to simulate a wide variety of different electromagnetic and photonic devices. The book is filled with helpful guidance and computational wisdom that will help the reader easily simulate their own devices and more easily learn and implement other methods in computational electromagnetics. Special techniques in MATLAB® are presented that will allow the reader to write their own FDFD programs. Key concepts in electromagnetics are reviewed so the reader can fully understand the calculations happening in FDFD. A powerful method for implementing the finite-difference method is taught that will enable the reader to solve entirely new differential equations and sets of differential equations in mere minutes. Separate chapters are included that describe how Maxwell’s equations are approximated using finite-differences and how outgoing waves can be absorbed using a perfectly matched layer absorbing boundary. With this background, a chapter describes how to calculate guided modes in waveguides and transmission lines. The effective index method is taught as way to model many three-dimensional devices in just two-dimensions. Another chapter describes how to calculate photonic band diagrams and isofrequency contours to quickly estimate the properties of periodic structures like photonic crystals. Next, a chapter presents how to analyze diffraction gratings and calculate the power coupled into each diffraction order. This book shows that many devices can be simulated in the context of a diffraction grating including guided-mode resonance filters, photonic crystals, polarizers, metamaterials, frequency selective surfaces, and metasurfaces. Plane wave sources, Gaussian beam sources, and guided-mode sources are all described in detail, allowing devices to be simulated in multiple ways. An optical integrated circuit is simulated using the effective index method to build a two-dimensional model of the 3D device and then launch a guided-mode source into the circuit. A chapter is included to describe how the code can be modified to easily perform parameter sweeps, such as plotting reflection and transmission as a function of frequency, wavelength, angle of incidence, or a dimension of the device. The last chapter is advanced and teaches FDFD for three-dimensional devices composed of anisotropic materials. It includes simulations of a crossed grating, a doubly-periodic guided-mode resonance filter, a frequency selective surface, and an invisibility cloak. The chapter also includes a parameter retrieval from a left-handed metamaterial. The book includes all the MATLAB codes and detailed explanations of all programs. This will allow the reader to easily modify the codes to simulate their own ideas and devices. The author has created a website where the MATLAB codes can be downloaded, errata can be seen, and other learning resources can be accessed. This is an ideal book for both an undergraduate elective course as well as a graduate course in computational electromagnetics because it covers the background material so well and includes examples of many different types of devices that will be of interest to a very wide audience.

Frequency-dependent transmission line models can be developed in phase domain or in mode domain. Associated to these transmission line models, time domain or frequency domain can be used for electromagnetic transient analysis solutions. Because of these options, there are several models for transmission line representation in electromagnetic transient studies. One reason for this is the longitudinal parameter frequency dependence. This book presents a variety of models which serve to improve the frequency dependence representation. In some cases, phase-mode transformation is applied, considering the problem in mode domain, and searching for improving the frequency-dependent parameter representation. On the other hand, changes in the system structure as well as voltage and current surge waves are better modelled on the time domain.