At the beginning of the nineties, there was an expectation within the human rights community that the next decade would be a period of consolidation for the international human rights regime. This did not happen. In fact, the human rights regime underwent dramatic changes in response to new circumstances. We have tried to highlight both the achievements and the challenges ahead in this Manual, the result of a joint project under the auspices of HumanitarianNet, a Thematic Network on Humanitarian Development Studies leaded by the University of Deusto (Bilbao, the Basque Country, Spain), and the European Inter-University Centre for Human Rights and Democratisation (EIUC, Venice, Italy).

Uno de los problemas más acuciantes a los que nos enfrentamos en la actualidad es la situación de subdesarrollo y de deterioro de las condiciones de vida que afecta a cerca de tres cuartas partes de la humanidad. Ante esta situación, el Derecho Internacional ha tratado de buscar salidas y alternativas que intenten convertir a la sociedad internacional en una auténtica comunidad internacional.

The Spanish Yearbook of International Law brings together information concerning Spanish legal practice and a bibliography over the period of one year and makes it available to an international readership. It serves as a vehicle for furthering knowledge of Spanish practice in the field of international law among an audience with no knowledge of Spanish. It deals with both private and public international law, taken in a broad sense to include summary treatment of international organizations of which Spain is a member.

Seminar paper from the year 2014 in the subject Law - European and International Law, Intellectual Properties, grade: 2,3, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel (Walther- Schücking- Institute für Internationales Recht), course: Entwicklungsvölkerrecht, language: English, abstract: This paper offers an evaluation of the legal status of the right to development (RTD). It looks at its material content, practical implementation as well as theoretical basis of validity. (1) The RTD constitutes an ideal of balanced, purposeful development whose material essence can be summarized as follows: The right to development is a human right by virtue of which every human person and all peoples are entitled to participate in and to enjoy economic, social, cultural and political development. Development is an empowering process in which all human rights and fundamental freedoms have to be respected and can be fully realized. States have the primary responsibility for the creation of national and international conditions favorable to the realization of the right to development and the duty to co-operate with each other to this end. (2) The RTD is hence a fusion of a broad set of single values, transmuted into the complex vision of a common, human rights based development standard concerning both process and result. Taking for granted the idea of inalienable human dignity, the moral value of the RTD, concerning the essential connection of human rights and development, seems beyond question. (3) The DRD translates a moral value into a legal norm. First and foremost the RTD claims the realization of an overall empowering societal progress as an inalienable privilege for all human beings and demands the solidary assistance of all relevant actors to this end.

Do human rights offer real protection when disadvantaged groups invoke them at the local level in an attempt to improve their living conditions? If so, how can we make sure that the experiences of those invoking human rights at the local level have an impact on the further development of human rights (at national and other levels) so that the local relevance of human rights increases? Since the adoption of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) on 10 December 1948, numerous international documents have reaffirmed human rights as global norms. This book examines what factors determine whether appeals to human rights that emanate from the local level are successful, and whether the UDHR adequately responds to threats as currently defined by relevant groups or whether a revision of some of the ideas included in the UDHR is needed in order to increase its contemporary relevance.

"Result of a joint research project ... under the auspices of the Center for Human Rights (University of Maastricht, the Netherlands) and the Institute of Human Rights Pedro Arrupe (University of Deusto, Basque Country, Spain).--P. v

This monograph offers the first systematic overview of the protection of human rights in trade agreements in the Americas. Traditionally, trade agreements in the Americas were concerned with economic questions and paid little attention to human rights. However, in the wake of the 'new regionalism', which emerged at the end of the last century, more clauses addressing social issues such as labour rights and environmental standards were inserted in trade agreements. As economic integration increased, a framework for the protection of human rights evolved. This book argues that this framework allows for human rights protection on a transnational level, while constructing regional identities. Looking at the four key regional integration processes, namely the Caribbean Community, the Central American Integration System, the Andean Community of Nations and the Southern Common Market, and also at the North American Free Trade Agreement, it shows how the integration process has reached a considerable degree of consolidation. Writing on key sources in English for the first time, this book will be essential reading for all free trade and human rights scholars.