The field of Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) has attracted increasing attention during the last few years. OOP is now recognized as an important tool for making better and more flexible information systems. This book is the proceedings of the second European Conference on Object-Oriented Programming (ECOOP '88) that was held in Oslo, Norway, from August 15 to 17, 1988. The objectives of ECOOP '88 were to present the best international work in the field of OOP to interested persons from industry and academia, and to be a forum for the exchange of ideas and the growth of professional relationships. Each of the 103 papers submitted was subject to a thorough refereeing process. The 22 papers selected are collected in these proceedings together with one invited paper. These 23 papers from 13 different countries comprise the currently best international work in the field of OOP. The contents of the papers include areas such as: Theory, Languages, Didactics, Implementation, Applications, Concurrency and Databases. The interest in object-oriented programming is rapidly increasing, especially within the areas of Concurrency and Databases. With its 5 papers on concurrency and 7 papers on databases, the proceedings contain important new material on these subjects. This book is a must for persons who want to keep themselves up to date in the field of OOP.

This volume constitutes the proceedings of the sixth European Conference on Object-Oriented Programming (ECOOP), held in Utrecht, The Netherlands, June 29 - July 3, 1992. Since the "French initiative" to organize the first conference in Paris, ECOOP has been a very successful forum for discussing the state of the art of object orientation. ECOOP has been able to attract papers of a high scientific quality as well as high quality experience papers describing the pros and cons of using object orientation in practice. This duality between theory and practice within object orientation makes a good example of experimental computer science. The volume contains 24 papers, including two invited papers and 22 papers selected by the programme committee from 124 submissions. Each submitted paper was reviewed by 3-4 people, and the selection of papers was based only on the quality of the papers themselves.

“ ..... object oriented seems to be becoming in the 1980s what structured programming was in the 1970s. ” Brian Randell and Pete Lee This quotation is from the invitation to the annual Newcastle University Conference on Main Trends in Computing, September 1988. It seems to capture the situation quite well, only that the object orientation is being materialised in languages and language constructs, as well as in the style of programming and as a perspective upon the task considered. The second European Conference on Object Oriented Programming (ECOOP’88) was held in Oslo, Norway, August 15-17, 1988, in the city where object oriented programming was born more than 20 years ago, when the Simula language appeared. The objectives of ECOOP’88 were to present the best international work in the field of object oriented programming to interested participants from industry and academia, and to be a forum for the exchange of ideas and the growth of professional relationships.

This volume contains the refereed papers presented at ECOOP 89. They cover topics of contemporary interest in this increasingly active area of computer science research, from formal methods through software engineering to implementations.

For the ninth time now, the European Conference on Object-Oriented P- gramming provides a mid-summer gathering place for researchers, practitioners, students and newcomers in the field of object technology. Despite fierce c- petition from an increasing number of attractive conferences on object-related topics, ECOOP has successfully positioned itself as the premier European - ject technology conference. One reason is without doubt the composition of the conference week and the nature of its events. Running in parallel on the first two days, a comprehensive tutorial program and a very selective workshop program are offered to attendees. This is followed by a three-day technical p- gram organized in a single track providing a highly communicative atmosphere of scientific exchange and learning. Overlapping with these events are a two-day industrial exhibition and a two-day opportunity for non-industrial system dev- opers to demonstrate their software. Thus, ECOOP is not just a conference on programming but an event touching on the full spectrum of object technology. This volume constitutes the proceedings of the Ninth European Conference on Object-Oriented Programming, ECOOP, held in Aarhus, Denmark, August 7-11, 1995. Previous ECOOP conferences were held in Paris (France), Oslo (Norway), Nottingham (England), Ottawa (Canada, jointly with OOPSLA) , Geneva (Switzerland), Utrecht (the Netherlands) , Kaiserslautern (Germany) , and Bologna (Italy). Object technology continues to increase its impact on the corporate world.

More MRCP Part 1 provides five further mock MRCP type examination papers for quick self-assessment. It contains another collection of multiple choice questions used in the Bloomsbury MRCP Part 1 course and supplements the previously published volume: Johnson/Pozniak, MRCP Part 1. Any candidate preparing for such examinations will find valuable guidelines as to the strengths and weaknesses of his knowledge.