Education still eludes the tribals in India even after sixty years of planning and development. In a typically tribal dominated pocket like KBK districts of Odisha, three out of four tribals are illiterate, one among ten of their women is literate and 11.3% of 6-14 years tribal children remain out of school. Supply and demand side factors deter spread of education among the tribals. Distance to school from residence and lack of appropriate infrastructure work as supply side constraints on ST children going to school. The demand side constraints include parent's poverty, illiteracy and demand for help in domestic work, large family, cost of education and the like. This book brings out in emphatic terms that socio-economic development of the tribals is function of education. The author succeeded in showing that primary education has an impact on social and economic levels of the tribals. It acts as a lever in improving their income level, agricultural productivity, general awareness and general health. Return to education is the highest in their case among the tribals.

Contents: Introduction, Review of Literature, Approach to Tribal Development, Design of the Study, Socio-Economic and Demographic Profile of the Respondents, Profile of Tribals in Andhra Pradesh, Impact of Education, Absenteeism, Stagnation and Wastage, Alternative Strategies of Development of Tribal Education: Non-Formal Education, Summary and Conclusions.

"Describes how Native American tribes can strengthen sovereignty, property rights, and the rule of law to better integrate into modern economies, building a foundation for self-sufficiency and restoring dignity"--

1.1: Introduction: India is a developing nation with a diverse population of various religions, castes and sub-castes. This population is divided into various social groups i.e. Open, OBC, SC, ST and Minor. The tribals are believed to be the original residents of India. They were driven to forests, hills and other inhospitable regions. In their remote existence, these communities established their own different culture, traditions, languages and administrative structure. While some of them are settled cultivators, several others continual to rest on on shifting cultivation, hunting, food gathering, etc. After independence, such areas were retitled as Scheduled Areas and were comprised in Schedule V and Schedule VI. The essential characteristics for recognition as a Scheduled Tribe are primitive traits, geographical isolation, distinctive culture, shyness of contact with outsiders and economic backwardness. The tribal communities characterize diverse ethnic, religious and linguistic groups. The common features found among all the tribal communities are their solid cultural traditions, kinship, remoteness of their habitats, lack of infrastructure facilities and low level of technical improvement. The tribals continue among the most backward and poorest sections of our populations. This chapter will provide details about an origin, definition & meaning of tribal, demographic profile, development status of tribals in India and various development schemes for tribal in India and Maharashtra.

This unique book investigates the history and future of American Indian economic activities and explains why tribal governments and reservation communities must focus on creating sustainable privately and tribally owned businesses if reservation communities and tribal cultures are to continue to exist. Native American peoples suffer from health, educational, infrastructure, and social deficiencies that most Americans who live outside of tribal lands are wholly unaware of and would not tolerate. By creating sustainable economic development on reservations, however, gradual, long-term change can be effected, thereby improving the standard of living and sustaining tribal cultures. Reservation "Capitalism": Economic Development in Indian Country supplies the true history, present-day circumstances, and potential future of Indian communities and economics. It provides key background information on indigenous economic systems and property rights regimes in what is now the United States, and explains how the vast majority of native lands and natural resource assets were lost. The book focuses on strategies for establishing privately and publicly owned economic activities on reservations and creating economies where reservation inhabitants can be employed, live, and buy the necessities of life, thereby enabling complete tribal self-sufficiency and self-determination.