Optical Networks - Architecture and Survivability, is a state-of-the-art work on survivable and cost-effective design of control and management for networks with IP directly over Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) technology (or called Optical Internet). The authors address issues of signaling mechanisms, resource reservation, and survivable routing and wavelength assignment. Special emphasis has been given to the design of meshed, middle-sized, and wavelength-routed networks with dynamic traffic in the optical domain, such as the next-generation Metropolitan Area Network. Research and development engineers, graduate students studying wavelength-routed WDM networks, and senior undergraduate students with a background in algorithms and networking will find this book interesting and useful. This work may also be used as supplemental readings for graduate courses on internetworking, routing, survivability, and network planning algorithms.

Due to rapid growth of network traffic volume, traditional Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) networks cannot meet current growing demands. Elastic optical networks (EONs) are promising optical backbone network candidates to satisfy these new challenges. Based on optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (O-OFDM) technology, elastic optical networks support different high line rates beyond 100 Gb/s, while achieving higher spectrum resource efficiency. Furthermore, in elastic optical networks, we can use different modulation formats such as DP-BPSK, DP-QPSK, and DP-16-QAM to set up lightpath connections so as to raise spectrum resource utilization. In this dissertation, in terms of different traffic demands, we study the problem of routing, modulation and spectrum assignment (RMSA) in elastic optical networks. First, we study the routing, modulation and spectrum assignment problem for holding-time-aware network requests. In elastic optical networks, for each line rate request with certain holding time, we need to allocate enough spectrum resource to satisfy the requirement. We divide the requests into two types, those that include immediate reservation (IR) requests and those with advance reservation (AR) requests. In terms of different requests, we design different heuristic algorithms to satisfy their requirement. Second, spectrum fragmentation in elastic optical networks is another important issue that we need to consider. When we set up and tear down lightpath connections in EONs, the spectrum resource will be fragmented, which decreases spectrum resource utilization. In this work, we mainly consider two types of fragmentation including spectrum fragmentation and time fragmentation. We design fragmentation-aware routing, modulation and spectrum assignment algorithms to proactively prevent spectrum fragments. Third, large data-flow transfer is a big challenge for elastic optical networks. Data-flow transfer such as data backup and data migration grow exponentially among datacenters. Hence, we study how to transfer fixed data amount in a certain time domain. A dynamic routing, modulation and spectrum assignment algorithm is designed to meet data-flow transfer in elastic optical networks. Finally, the survivability problem for data-flow transfer plays a vital role in elastic optical inter-datacenter networks. Man-made errors and uncontrollable natural disaster will result in a huge data loss. In order to meet service level agreement (SLA), we need to set up a protection lightpath connection for each data-flow transfer. In this dissertation, we design survivable bulk data-flow transfer strategies for each data-flow transfer.

Explains the importance of Elastic Optical Networks (EONs) and how they can be implemented by the world’s carriers This book discusses Elastic Optical Networks (EONs) from an operational perspective. It presents algorithms that are suitable for real-time operation and includes experimental results to further demonstrate the feasibility of the approaches discussed. It covers practical issues such as provisioning, protection, and defragmentation. It also presents provisioning and recovery in single layer elastic optical networks (EON). The authors review algorithms for provisioning point-to-point, anycast, and multicast connections, as well as transfer-based connections for datacenter interconnection. They also include algorithms for recovery connections from failures in the optical layer and in-operation planning algorithms for EONs. Provisioning, Recovery and In-operation Planning in Elastic Optical Network also examines multi-layer scenarios. It covers virtual network topology reconfiguration and multi-layer recovery, and includes provisioning customer virtual networks and the use of data analytics in order to bring cognition to the network. In addition, the book: Presents managing connections dynamically—and the flexibility to adapt the connection bitrate to the traffic needs fit well for new types of services, such as datacenter interconnection and Network Function Virtualization (NFV) Examines the topic in a holistic and comprehensive way, addressing control and management plane issues for provisioning, recovery, and in-operation planning Covers provisioning, recovery, and in-operation planning for EONs at the proposed exhaustive level The rapid expanse of new services has made the use of EONs (a relatively new concept) a necessity. That’s why this book is perfect for students and researchers in the field of technologies for optical networks (specifically EONs), including network architectures and planning, dynamic connection provisioning, on-line network re-optimization, and control and management planes. It is also an important text for engineers and practitioners working for telecom network operators, service providers, and vendors that require knowledge on a rapidly evolving topic.

A whole new suite of how-to capabilities, theoretical understandings, and newideas to apply to network planning and design.

Optical networks employing wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) provide an ideal infrastructure to satisfy the huge (and increasing) bandwidth demands. However, the Future Internet (FI) is expected to accommodate many new services, which are not only bandwidth-intensive, but also characterized by heterogeneous quality-of-service (QoS) requirements. To capture this QoS heterogeneity and achieve high customers' satisfaction (by meeting Service-Level Agreements, SLA) as well as resource efficiency, service-centric provisioning is desirable. This dissertation studies novel models, algorithms, and architectures that will help achieve service-centric provisioning for next-generation optical WDM networks. We first study dynamic provisioning/reprovisioning schemes to satisfy SLAs. We assign an Urgency Level (UL) to each service indicating its status and relative importance (technically and economically). We propose an adaptive provisioning scheme that tracks a service's status, and re-allocates resources from low-UL services to higher-UL services, which are more at risk of violating their SLAs or have higher penalties. Next, we find that SLA is always at risk because of the dynamism of network failures. We show that SLA Violation Risk may vary between paths, and is affected by many factors (e.g., failure rate, connection holding time, etc.). We formulate the risk-aware routing problem in optical mesh networks, and present an efficient routing scheme that computes routes that are likely to successfully accommodate the SLA-requested availability. To accommodate customers' extra resilience requirements for specific time periods, we propose a novel SLA framework that supports Critical Windows (CW) to address these time-differentiated resilience demands. We identify opportunities for backup resource sharing in a time-domain multiplexing manner, and propose efficient schemes for connection assignment to minimize backup resources. We propose to back up services using primary paths of other services. We present a new provisioning framework called Service Cluster (SC) that uses no explicit backup resources but still provides protection. We devise an event-triggered scheme to support dynamic resource allocation in an SC. Typically, a certain amount of Operational Power is needed for service provisioning. We analyze the constituents of Operational Power, and discuss the opportunities for energy saving following a Traffic Engineering (TE) approach. Capturing the energy efficiency of provisioning strategies (i.e., optical bypass vs. traffic grooming) using a novel auxiliary graph, we present a Power-Aware provisioning scheme to minimize the Operational Power.