This book covers the full range of current applications of Doppler sonography in infancy and childhood, describing the variety of potential findings with the aid of a wealth of images. After an introductory chapter on the physical and technical basis of Doppler sonography, applications of cerebral Doppler sonography in infancy and of transcranial Doppler sonography in childhood are addressed, with numerous examples of imaging appearances. The major part of the book is devoted to Doppler sonography of the brain, face and neck and of the abdomen, covering normal abdominal vessels, liver, spleen, pancreas, and mesenteric and renal circulation. Imaging of the ovaries and testes is also presented, encompassing the differential diagnosis of acute scrotum and other space-occupying lesions of the testis. The book closes by considering Doppler sonography of soft tissue and vascular malformations, and the influence of congenital heart malformations on flow parameters in peripheral arteries. Doppler Sonography in Infancy and Childhood will be an invaluable reference for pediatricians, neonatologists, pediatric sonographers, and pediatric and general radiologists.

This book covers the full range of Doppler echocardiography in infants and children, documenting the wide variety of potential findings with the aid of a wealth of high‐quality images. The imaging features of more than 20 conditions on conventional two‐dimensional echocardiography, pulsed wave, continuous wave and color Doppler imaging are described and depicted, drawing attention to differential diagnostic criteria and other issues of importance in everyday clinical practice. Each condition is individually addressed, covering all relevant aspects, and helpful information is also provided on the normal examination. The book is supplemented by more than 500 videos demonstrating typical findings of two-dimensional and color Doppler echocardiography. Special chapters focus on the differential diagnosis of cyanotic infants and echocardiography specifically for the neonatologist. The authors' aim in compiling this book is to equip the reader with the knowledge required in order to employ Doppler echocardiography optimally and to interpret findings confidently and correctly. Doppler Echocardiography in Infancy and Childhood will be an invaluable reference for echocardiographers, pediatricians, neonatologists, and pediatric and general radiologists.

The measurement of the cerebral circulation in children, particularly in newborns and young infants, has for a long time been high on the list of needs in clinical and scientific pediatrics. The methods available to date have either been too unreliable or unsuitable for use on children. In the course of a research project at the Department of Pediatrics of the Uni versity of Freiburg, Dr. Harald Bode has made the first systematic ex amination of the cerebral circulation of children using transcranial Doppler sonography. Over 500 children with ages between 0 and 18 years were included in this exhaustive study, documenting Doppler measurements in about 3,000 basal cerebral arteries. Basic reference values were obtained which involved adapting the methodology and available equipment to the special re quirements of the pediatrician. Moreover, the influence of biological and physiological factors on these Doppler values has also been considered in addition to those of disease and therapy. The result is an impressive record of the many applications of trans cranial Doppler sonography during childhood. It is not difficult to predict that this methodology will be of lasting value and capable of further de velopment. I hope this book receives the attention it undoubtedly deserves and that the author is able to continue in realizing his fruitful scientific ideas in clinical pediatric practice.

This book clearly explains the basics of cranial ultrasonography in the neonate, from patient preparation through to screening strategies and the classification of abnormalities. The aim is to enable the reader consistently to obtain images of the highest quality and to interpret them correctly. Essential information is provided both on the procedure itself and on the normal ultrasound anatomy. The standard technique is described and illustrated, and emphasis is placed on the value of supplementary acoustic windows. Attention is also drawn to maturational changes in the neonatal brain and to the limitations of cranial ultrasonography. Frequently occurring abnormalities are described and classifications for these abnormalities are provided. A new classification for neonatal cerebellar hemorrhages is introduced. In this third edition, all ultrasound images have beena replaced, reflecting the improvements in image quality. An entirely new chapter is devoted to Doppler ultrasonography. The illustrations have been improved and new illustrations were added. The reader will have access to highly informative videos on the cranial ultrasound procedure, available online via SpringerLink. The compact design of the book makes it an ideal and handy reference that will guide the novice in understanding the essentials of the technique while also providing useful information for the more experienced practitioner.

Offering practitioners a complete working knowledge of the latest scanning technologies and the clinical applications of ultrasound in pediatric and adolescent patients, this edition features more than 1,800 clear, sharp images, including over 300 full-color images throughout.

Negative influence of cerebral circulation with the emergence of cerebral hypoperfusion plays a significant role in the pathophysiology of pediatric hydrocephalus. Transcranial Doppler sonography is a non-invasive method for indirectly measuring intracranial pressure and decreasing intracranial compliance by assessing changes of cerebral circulation. This book discusses the cerebral circulation and intracranial dynamics in pediatric hydrocephalus. It also focuses on evaluating the impact of various intracranial factors on Doppler parameters of cerebral circulation, especially in neonates with hydrocephalus. The ambition of this work is to improve indication and timing of drainage procedure in children with hydrocephalus by applying scientific results and clinical experience.

This book presents the current applications of Doppler sonography and echocardiography in neonatology and pediatrics. The basics of the physics of Doppler are illustrated, while cerebral Doppler sonography is described with numerous examples.