This volume contains the scientific papers presented at the Twelfth International Conference „Challenges of Business Law in the Third Millennium” that was held on 25 November 2022 in online format on Zoom. The conference is organized each year by the Society of Juridical and Administrative Sciences. The scientific studies included in this volume are grouped into three chapters: Business Interactions Specific to Public Law; Private Law and Business Law, an Essential Duo; Modern Developers of Business Law: International Law and European Union Law. The present volume is addressed to practitioners, researchers, students and PhD candidates in juridical sciences, who are interested in recent developments and prospects for development in the field of business law at international and national level.

This volume investigates the paradigm changes which occurred in ethics during the early modern era (1350-1600). While many general claims have been made regarding the nature of moral philosophy in the period of transition from medieval to modern thought, the rich variety of extant texts has seldom been studied and discussed in detail. The present collection attempts to do this. It provides new research on ethics in the context of Late Scholasticism, Neo-Scholasticism, Renaissance Humanism and the Reformation. It traces the fate of Aristotelianism and of Stoicism, explores specific topics such as probabilism and casuistry, and highlights the connections between Protestant theology and early modern ethics. The book also examines how the origins of human rights, as well as different views of moral agency, the will and the emotions, came into focus on the eve of modernity. Target audience: students of medieval, Renaissance and Reformation history; students of the history of philosophy, ethics and theology; those interested in humanism, human rights and the history of law.

Medieval London Widows, 1300-1500 shows that it is possible to expand the repertoire of examples of medieval women with personalities and individuality beyond the well-known triad of Margaret Paston, Margery Kempe and the Wife of Bath. The rich documentation of London records allows these women to speak for themselves. They do so largely through their wills, which themselves exemplify the ability of widows to make choices and to order their lives.