The development and marketing of sustainable sanitation technology contributes significantly to improving human and environmental health and reducing economic poverty. Despite extensive studies indicating the positive role sanitation facilities and hygiene-related behavior provide in terms of health benefits and human dignity, diffusion of sustainable sanitation technology remains a low priority among governments, donors and the water, sanitation and hygiene sectors. Consumers are often resistant to sanitation innovations as the diffusion of technologies can confront long-held traditions and beliefs, particularly regarding the practice of open defecation. Few studies have analyzed how socio-cultural norms and behaviors influence sanitation decisions, especially in developing countries. This study aims to understand and empirically measure the processes that lead to Ecological Sanitation (EcoSan) adoption in rural Tamil Nadu, India. The factors that lead to EcoSan acceptance or resistance are surveyed and then Everett Rogers' diffusion of innovations theory is applied to the findings. Finally, the research identifies strategies and innovations used to develop successful sanitation interventions and devises a possible framework for them.

Organizations and businesses are applying sustainable development concepts in their management strategies in order to improve and rethink products, processes, services, and policies which will have significant potential to reduce carbon dioxide emissions, excess consumption, and improve the quality of lives. Cases on the Diffusion and Adoption of Sustainable Development Practices is a collection of case studies on the concepts and theories of successful sustainable practices. It also identifies key mechanisms and strategies that have allowed the successful diffusion of these practices into communities, regions and nations around the world. This reference source is essential for professionals, researchers, educators and leaders in pursuit of innovative solutions in sustainable development.

After the United Nations adopted the 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) to "end poverty, protect the planet, and ensure prosperity for all," researchers and policy makers highlighted the importance of targeted investment in science, technology, and innovation (STI) to make tangible progress. Science, Technology, and Innovation for Sustainable Development Goals showcases the roles that STI solutions can play in meeting on-the-ground socio-economic and environmental challenges among domestic and international organizations concerned with the SDGs in three overlapping areas: agriculture, health, and environment/energy. Authors and researchers from 31 countries tackle both big-picture questions, such as scaling up the adoption and diffusion of new sustainable technologies, and specific, localized case studies, focusing on developing and middle-income countries and specific STI solutions and policies. Issues addressed include renewable energy, automated vehicles, vaccines, digital health, agricultural biotechnology, and precision agriculture. In bringing together diverse voices from both policy and academic spheres, this volume provides practical and relevant insights and advice to support policy makers and managers seeking to enhance the roles of STI in sustainable development.

Over 2.6 billion people lack safe sanitation. EcoSan toilets are an affordable technology that, used appropriately, minimize environmental and health problems associated with waterborne sewerage and pit latrines. A challenge for population health is how to encourage widespread adoption, known as diffusion or scale-up. This paper employs Diffusion of Innovations constructs to illuminate EcoSan toilet adoption factors in diverse settings. EcoSan toilets were found in 55 countries. Experiences in seven countries are compared. Findings include: a tendency for greater proliferation in federally-driven sanitation programs; successes in surmounting traditional disgust with excreta; a relationship between utilization and follow-up; and the importance of user acceptance before attempting to routinize construction. Included is a theoretical framework of EcoSan diffusion as a two-tiered, parallel innovation-decision making process, where the decisions of implementers and administrators and intended beneficiaries overlap and interact. Maximizing adoption from both groups is key for scaling up pilots to nations.

Access to adequate water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) embodies a fun- damental human right recognized by the United Nations General Assembly. Technology often plays an important role by providing resource-efficient solutions to some of the challenges associated with WASH. This edition of the Global Challenges in Focus series explores the water supply aspect of WASH and highlights the role of technological innovation in relation to managing limited freshwater resources in situations of scarcity and/or threats to the quality of the water supply.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the IFIP WG 8.6 International Working Conference on Transfer and Diffusion of IT, TDIT 2023, which took place in Nagpur, India, in December 2023. The 87 full papers and 23 short papers presented in these proceedings were carefully reviewed and selected from 209 submissions. The papers are organized in the following topical sections: Volume I: Digital technologies (artificial intelligence) adoption; digital platforms and applications; digital technologies in e-governance; metaverse and marketing. Volume II: Emerging technologies adoption; general IT adoption; healthcare IT adoption. Volume III: Industry 4.0; transfer, diffusion and adoption of next-generation digital technologies; diffusion and adoption of information technology.