This SAE Recommended Practice is intended for use as a test procedure to determine the gaseous emission level of diesel engines. Its purpose is to provide a map of an engine's emissions characteristics which, through use of the proper weighing factors, can be used as a measure of that engine's emission levels under various applications. The emission results for hydrocarbons, nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide are expressed in units of grams per kilowatt hour (grams/brake horsepower hour) and represent the mass rate of emissions per unit of work accomplished.The emissions are measured in accordance with SAE Recommended practices J177, J215, and J244 using nondispersive infrared equipment for CO and CO2, a heated flame ionization analyzer for HC, and a high performance NDIR or a chemiluminescence analyzer for NOx. All emissions are measured during steady-state engine operation. The mass rate of emissions is calculated (a) from the concentration in the exhaust gas and the exhaust flow for each mode or (b) alternately, using a carbon balance method, from the concentration in the exhaust gas and the mass flow rate of fuel for each mode. If method (a) is used, CO2 should be measured for data validation. The final emissions are calculated by dividing the summation of the weighted emission mass rates by the summation of the weighted brake power values for a cycle.

This SAE Recommended Practice is intended for use as a test procedure to determine the gaseous emission level of diesel engines. Its purpose is to provide a map of an engine's emissions characteristics which, through use of the proper weighing factors, can be used as a measure of that engine's emission levels under various applications. The emission results for hydrocarbons, nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide are expressed in units of grams per kilowatt hour (grams/brake horsepower hour) and represent the mass rate of emissions per unit of work accomplished. The emissions are measured in accordance with SAE Recommended Practices J177, J215, and J244 using nondispersive infrared equipment for CO and CO2, a heated flame ionization analyzer for HC, and a high performance NDIR or a chemiluminescence analyzer for NO{sub}x. All emissions are measured during steady-state engine operation. The mass rate of emissions is calculated (a) from the concentration in the exhaust gas and the exhaust flow for each mode or (b) alternately, using a carbon balance method, from the concentration in the exhaust gas and the mass flow rate of fuel for each mode. If method (a) is used, CO{sub}2 should be measured for data validation. The final emissions are calculated by dividing the summation of the weighted emission mass rates by the summation of the weighted brake power values for a cycle.

Differing legislation between the countries or unions of countries involved in pollution reduction has turned gas measuring technology into such an extremely extensive and complex field that only a few specialists in environmental agencies and the automobile industry have a grasp of it. This book is intended as an overview of the basics of exhaust gas measuring technology describing the interrelation between emissions, immissions and the effects of pollutants. It aims to provide experts and students alike with an understanding of the interrelationships and details within this field. The results presented are based on the experience gathered by the author during work spanning more than two decades in the automobile industry.

In recent years, emissions from transportation engines have been studied widely because of the contribution of such engines to atmospheric pollution. During this period the amounts of pollutants emitted, the mechanism of their formation, and means of controlling emissions have been investigated in industrial and government laboratories, as well as at universities. The results of these investigations have generally been published as individual articles in journals, transactions, meeting proceedings, and, frequently, in company reports. This proliferation of technical information makes it difficult for workers in the field to keep abreast of all developments. For this reason, the editors felt the need for a book which would survey the existing state of knowledge in wide, albeit selected areas, and would provide a guide to the relevant literature. This book is intended to fulfill this function. It is recognized that all aspects of transportation engine emissions cannot be explored in a single volume. In this book attention is focused primarily on sources and mechanisms of emission formation within the combustion process, and on measurement techniques. Beyond this objective, no re strictions were placed on the authors. Within the framework of the general theme each author has been free to treat his subject as he saw fit. The editors have not strived to replace by uniformity the highly personal and attractive divergences of style. Considerable efforts were made, however, to ensure clarity and minimum overlap between the chapters.

Engineers, applied scientists, students, and individuals working to reduceemissions and advance diesel engine technology will find the secondedition of Diesel Emissions and Their Control to be an indispensablereference. Whether readers are at the outset of their learning journey orseeking to deepen their expertise, this comprehensive reference bookcaters to a wide audience.In this substantial update to the 2006 classic, the authors have expandedthe coverage of the latest emission technologies. With the industryevolving rapidly, the book ensures that readers are well-informed aboutthe most recent advances in commercial diesel engines, providing acompetitive edge in their respective fields. The second edition has alsostreamlined the content to focus on the most promising technologies.This book is rooted in the wealth of information available on DieselNet.com, where the “Technology Guide” papers offer in-depth insights. Eachchapter includes links to relevant online materials, granting readers accessto even more expertise and knowledge.The second edition is organized into six parts, providing a structuredjourney through every aspect of diesel engines and emissions control: Part I: A foundational exploration of the diesel engine, combustion, andessential subsystems. Part II: An in-depth look at emission characterization, health andenvironmental impacts, testing methods, and global regulations. Part III: A comprehensive overview of diesel fuels, covering petroleumdiesel, alternative fuels, and engine lubricants. Part IV: An exploration of engine efficiency and emission controltechnologies, from exhaust gas recirculation to engine control. Part V: The latest developments in diesel exhaust aftertreatment,encompassing catalyst technologies and particulate filters. Part VI: A historical journey through the evolution of dieselengine technology, with a focus on heavy-duty engines in the NorthAmerican market. (ISBN 9781468605693, ISBN 9781468605709, ISBN 9781468605716, DOI: 10.4271/9781468605709)

This book focuses on particulate matter emissions produced by vehicles with combustion engines. It describes the physicochemical properties of the particulate matter, the mechanisms of its formation and its environmental impacts (including those on human beings). It discusses methods for measuring particulate mass and number, including the state-of-the-art in Portable Emission Measurement System (PEMS) equipment for measuring the exhaust emissions of both light and heavy-duty vehicles and buses under actual operating conditions. The book presents the authors’ latest investigations into the relations between particulate emission (mass and number) and engine operating parameters, as well as their new findings obtained through road tests performed on various types of vehicles, including those using diesel particulate filter regeneration. The book, which addresses the needs of academics and professionals alike, also discusses relevant European regulations on particulate emissions and highlights selected methods aimed at the reduction of particulate emissions from automobiles.