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An examination of the sources and evolution of personal authority in one Islamic society Sufi Heirs of the Prophet explores the multifaceted development of personal authority in Islamic societies by tracing the transformation of one mystical sufi lineage in colonial India, the Naqshbandiyya. Arthur F. Buehler isolates four sources of personal authority evident in the practices of the Naqshbandiyya—lineage, spiritual traveling, status as a Prophetic exemplar, and the transmission of religious knowledge—to demonstrate how Muslim religious leaders have exercised charismatic leadership through their association with the most compelling of personal Islamic symbols, the Prophet Muhammad. Buehler clarifies the institutional structure of sufism, analyzes overlapping configurations of personal sufi authority, and details how and why revivalist Indian Naqshbandis abandoned spiritual practices that had sustained their predecessors for more than five centuries. He looks specifically at the role of Jama'at 'Ali Shah (d. 1951) to explain current Naqshbandi practices.

The Dhikr of Allāh is the soul and the life of the hearts and the cause of its development and strength; and abundant rewards and immense good in this world and the next-whose count cannot be enumerated except by Allāh are a direct result of it (i.e., Dhikr).Indeed, the Dhikr of Allāh (The Majestic & Sublime) is the symbol of happiness and the path to success in this life and the next; rather all good, happiness, delight, pleasure and tranquility in this world and the hereafter is dependent on the actualization of the Dhikr of Allāh (The Majestic & Sublime). Indeed, all of the legislation and acts of obedience in totality were legislated to establish the Dhikr of Allāh. Hence what Allāh (The Mighty & Majestic) has legislated for his servants from Ṣalāh, fasting, Hajj and other than that from the acts of obedience is solely for establishing the remembrance of Allāh.