The critically acclaimed laboratory standard for more than forty years, Methods in Enzymology is one of the most highly respected publications in the field of biochemistry. Since 1955, each volumehas been eagerly awaited, frequently consulted, and praised by researchers and reviewers alike. More than 275 volumes have been published (all of them still in print) and much of the material is relevant even today-truly an essential publication for researchers in all fields of life sciences. Key Features * Solid-phase peptide synthesis * Applications of peptides for structural and biological studies * Characterization of synthetic peptides

Linker design is an expanding field with an exciting future in state-of-the-art organic synthesis. Ever-increasing numbers of ambitious solution phase reactions are being adapted for solid-phase organic chemistry and to accommodate them, large numbers of sophisticated linker units have been developed and are now routinely employed in solid-phase synthesis. Linker Strategies in Solid-Phase Organic Synthesis guides the reader through the evolution of linker units from their genesis in solid-supported peptide chemistry to the cutting edge diversity linker units that are defining a new era of solid phase synthesis. Individual linker classes are covered in easy to follow chapters written by international experts in their respective fields and offer a comprehensive guide to linker technology whilst simultaneously serving as a handbook of synthetic transformations now possible on solid supports. Topics include: the principles of solid phase organic synthesis electrophile and nucleophile cleavable linker units cyclative cleavage as a solid phase strategy photocleavable linker units safety-catch linker units enzyme cleavable linker units T1 and T2 –versatile triazene linker groups hydrazone linker units benzotriazole linker units phosphorus linker units sulfur linker units selenium and tellurium linker units sulfur, oxygen and selenium linker units cleaved by radical processes silicon and germanium linker units boron and stannane linker units bismuth linker units transition metal carbonyl linker units linkers releasing olefins or cycloolefins by ring-closing metathesis fluorous linker units solid-phase radiochemistry The book concludes with extensive linker selection tables, cataloguing the linker units described in this book according to the substrate liberated upon cleavage and conditions used to achieve such cleavage, enabling readers to choose the right linker unit for their synthesis. Linker Strategies in Solid-Phase Organic Synthesis is an essential guide to the diversity of linker units for organic chemists in academia and industry working in the broad areas of solid-phase organic synthesis and diversity oriented synthesis, medicinal chemists in the pharmaceutical industry who routinely employ solid-phase chemistry in the drug discovery business, and advanced undergraduates, postgraduates, and organic chemists with an interest in leading-edge developments in their field.

Advances in Organic Synthesis is a book series devoted to the latest advances in synthetic approaches towards challenging structures. It presents comprehensive articles written by eminent authorities on different synthetic approaches to selected target molecules and new methods developed to achieve specific synthetic transformations. Contributions are written by eminent scientists and each volume is edited by an authority in the field. Advances in Organic Synthesis is essential for all organic chemists in the academia and industry who wish to keep abreast of rapid and important developments in the field.

Biphasic Chemistry and The Solvent Case examines recent improvements in reaction conditions, in order to affirm the role of chemistry in the sustainable field. This book shows that those who work within the chemistry industry support limits for the use of toxic or flammable solvents, since it reduces the purifications to simple filtrations. Thanks to commercial scavengers, solid phase syntheses are now available to all. Fluorine biphasic catalysis enables extremely efficient catalyst recycling and has a high applicability potential at the industrial level. This book also reviews the many studies that have shown that water is a solvent of choice for most synthetic reactions. Particular traits can be obtained and the effects on thermodynamics make it possible to operate at lower temperatures, thereby achieving energy savings. Finally the great diversity of application of the reactions without solvents is illustrated.

Considering the challenge of sustainability facing our society in the coming decades, catalysis is without any doubt a research area of major importance. In this regard, asymmetric organocatalysis, now considered a pillar of green chemistry, deserves particular attention. The first chapter of this volume examines the topic of asymmetric organocatalysis in light of radical chemistry. Recent important progress in this field has been attained by promoting the formation and harnessing the high reactivity of open-shell intermediates. Merging organocatalysis with radical chemistry has been the key to solving some longstanding bottlenecks, and has also significantly contributed to reinforcing the key role of organocatalysis in asymmetric catalysis. This chapter presents the most significant developments in this area, with a particular focus on asymmetric SOMO- and photoredox-organocatalyzed transformations. Chapter 2 focuses on quaternary ammonium salts (R4N+X-), especially chiral derivatives, and their behavior as unique catalysts in organocatalysis. Forming chiral ion-pairs capable of promoting asymmetric reactions, they also operate as unique "transporters involved in phase transfer catalytic processes between liquid–liquid or liquid–solid systems. Furthermore, they offer unique opportunities when forming cooperative ion-paired entities R4N+X-, allowing a synergistic implication of the counter-ion X- either as Brønsted bases or Lewis bases. Specific design of such chiral catalysts in modern chemistry and better insight into their mode of activation facilitates efficient and unprecedented chemical transformations. This chapter provides an overview of the use of chiral quaternary ammonium salts in organocatalysis, emphasizing both general mechanistic aspects and the scope of this approach. - Presents the most significant developments with a particular focus on asymmetric SOMO- and photoredox-organocatalyzed transformations - Givies a larger overview of chiral ammonium salts in organocatalysis rather than a specific review dedicated to specialists in this area - Affords a historical evolution of this field of research

This practical, concise guide showcases the sustainable methods offered by green free radical chemistry and summarizes the fundamental science involved.

In this second edition of a best-selling handbook all the chapters have been completely revised and updated, while four completely new chapters have been added. In order to meet the needs of the practitioner, emphasis is placed on describing precisely the technology and know-how involved. Adopting a didactic and comprehensible approach, the book guides the reader through theory and applications, thus ensuring its warm welcome among the scientific community. An excellent, essential and exhaustive overview.