This is the first book to discuss current and future applications of waveform diversity and design in subjects such as radar and sonar, communications systems, passive sensing, and many other technologies. Waveform diversity allows researchers and system designers to optimize electromagnetic and acoustic systems for sensing, communications, electronic warfare or combinations thereof. It enables solutions to problems with how each system performs its own particular function as well as how it is affected by other systems and how those other systems may likewise be affected. It is an excellent standalone introduction to waveform diversity and design, which takes a high potential technology area and makes it visible to other researchers, as well as young engineers.

A numerical model was developed to simulate the power spectra, cross-spectrum, and derived functions obtainable from a coherent polarization diversity radar. The model was used to investigate the effects of air velocity variance, differential propagation, and noise on the spectral functions. Input parameters include radar wavelength, elevation angle, air velocity variance, rainfall rate, propagation distance, fraction of scatterers having a preferred orientation, and relative noise level. Results of calculations for 8.6 mm and 7.5 cm wavelengths are illustrated. These are compared with the functional forms obtained from theory and discussed in terms of the meteorological information derivable from them. The forms of the spectral power ratio and the cross-spectral amplitude ratio are strongly affected by air velocity variance and by noise. However, it appears possible to derive a good estimation of the Doppler air velocity from the power spectra. The cross-spectral amplitude ratio may be of more general value in analysis than previously thought, because its Doppler velocity domain is greater than that of the spectral power ratio in the presence of radar system noise. The absolute error of the propagation term estimated from the cross-spectral amplitude ratio is not strongly dependent on the rainfall rate or propagation distance.