In this work a prompt gamma neutron activation analysis (PGNAA) facility has been designed, built, and characterized at the Oregon State University TRIGA® reactor. PGNAA is a technique used to determine the presence and quantity of trace elements such as boron, hydrogen and carbon which are more difficult to detect with other neutron analysis methods. In PGNAA, isotopes are subjected to a neutron beam, resulting in the formation of an unstable compound nucleus. The compound nucleus immediately decays, producing a series of gamma-rays, whose energies are distinctive to each element. These gamma-rays are then measured using an HPGe detector to determine the elemental composition of the sample. The measured thermal and epithermal neutron fluxes of the PGNAA facility at Oregon State University are 2.81 x 107 ± 5.13 x 105 cm−2s−1 and 1.70 x 104 ± 3.11 x 102 cm−2s−1 respectively. This gives the facility a cadmium ratio of 106. Measured detection limits for boron, chlorine, and potassium in SRM 1571 orchard leaf standard were, 5.6 x 10−4mg/g, 8.2 x 10−2 mg/g and, 1.0 mg/g respectively. Also, the detection limit for hydrogen in high-density polyethylene is, 6.8 x 10−2mg/g. Detection limits for additional elements are presented in this work.

In this work, Neutron Depth Profiling (NDP) analysis capability has been added to the Oregon State University TRIGA® Reactor Prompt Gamma Neutron Activation Analysis Facility (PGNAA). This system has been implemented with an advanced digital spectroscopy system and is capable of rise time pulse shape analysis as well as coincidence measurements from multiple detectors. The digital spectroscopy system utilizes a high-speed multichannel digitizer with speeds up to 200 Megasamples/second (MS/s) with advanced hardware trigger and time stamping capabilities. These additions allow the facility to conduct simultaneous NDP and PGNAA combined measurements, which also enables cross calibration. The digital pulse processing is implemented with software programmed rise time pulse shape analysis capabilities for the analysis of the detector responses on a pulse-by-pulse basis to distinguish between different interactions in the detector. The advanced trigger capabilities of the digitizer were configured to accurately measure and correct for dead time effects from pulse pile up and preamplifier decay time.

Prompt gamma activation analysis (PGAA) is a unique, non-destructive nuclear analytical method with multi-element capabilities. It is most effective if intense neutron beams (especially cold beams) of nuclear reactors are used to induce the prompt gamma radiation. Based largely on the authors' pioneering research in cold neutron PGAA, the handbook describes the methodology in self-contained manner and reviews recent applications. The library of prompt gamma ray data and spectra for all natural elements is a unique aid to the practitioner. The level is understandable by a broad audience, which facilitates teaching and training. The Handbook of Prompt Gamma Activation Analysis is a comprehensive handbook written for those practising the method, wanting to implement it at a reactor facility, or just looking for a powerful non-destructive method of element analysis. The book is also useful for nuclear physics, chemistry and engineering scientists, scholars and graduate students interested in neutron-induced gamma ray spectroscopy and nuclear analytical methods.

A study of neutron capture gamma ray analysis of sulfur in coal using californium-252 as a neutron source is reported. Both internal and external target geometries are investigated. The facility designed for and used in this study is described. The external target geometry is found to be inappropriate because of the low thermal neutron flux at the sample location, which must be outside the biological shielding. The internal target geometry is found to have a sufficient thermal neutron flux, but an excessive gamma ray background. A water filled plastic facility, rather than the paraffin filled steel one used in this study, is suggested as a means of increasing flexibility and decreasing the beackground in the internal target geometry.