The effectiveness of proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controllers for a large class of process systems has ensured their continued and widespread use in industry. Similarly there has been a continued interest from academia in devising new ways of approaching the PID tuning problem. To the industrial engineer and many control academics this work has previously appeared fragmented; but a key determinant of this literature is the type of process model information used in the PID tuning methods. PID Control presents a set of coordinated contributions illustrating methods, old and new, that cover the range of process model assumptions systematically. After a review of PID technology, these contributions begin with model-free methods, progress through non-parametric model methods (relay experiment and phase-locked-loop procedures), visit fuzzy-logic- and genetic-algorithm-based methods; introduce a novel subspace identification method before closing with an interesting set of parametric model techniques including a chapter on predictive PID controllers. Highlights of PID Control include: an introduction to PID control technology features and typical industrial implementations; chapter contributions ordered by the increasing quality of the model information used; novel PID control concepts for multivariable processes. PID Control will be useful to industry-based engineers wanting a better understanding of what is involved in the steps to a new generation of PID controller techniques. Academics wishing to have a broader perspective of PID control research and development will find useful pedagogical material and research ideas in this text.

This book discusses the theory, application, and practice of PID control technology. It is designed for engineers, researchers, students of process control, and industry professionals. It will also be of interest for those seeking an overview of the subject of green automation who need to procure single loop and multi-loop PID controllers and who aim for an exceptional, stable, and robust closed-loop performance through process automation. Process modeling, controller design, and analyses using conventional and heuristic schemes are explained through different applications here. The readers should have primary knowledge of transfer functions, poles, zeros, regulation concepts, and background. The following sections are covered: The Theory of PID Controllers and their Design Methods, Tuning Criteria, Multivariable Systems: Automatic Tuning and Adaptation, Intelligent PID Control, Discrete, Intelligent PID Controller, Fractional Order PID Controllers, Extended Applications of PID, and Practical Applications. A wide variety of researchers and engineers seeking methods of designing and analyzing controllers will create a heavy demand for this book: interdisciplinary researchers, real time process developers, control engineers, instrument technicians, and many more entities that are recognizing the value of shifting to PID controller procurement.

Thereare richtheories and designs for generalcontrolsystems,but usually, they will not lead to PID controllers. Noting that the PID controller has been the most popular one in industry for over ?fty years, we will con?ne our discussion hereto PIDcontrolonly. PID controlhasbeenanimportantresearchtopicsince 1950’s, and causes remarkable activities for the last two decades. Most of the existing works have been on the single variable PID control and its theory and design are well established, understood and practically applied. However, most industrial processes are of multivariable nature. It is not rare that the overall multivariable PID control system could fail although each PID loop may work well. Thus,demandforaddressingmultivariableinteractionsishighforsuccessful applicationofPIDcontrolinmultivariableprocessesanditisevidentfrommajor leading control companies who all rankedthe couplings of multivariable systems as the principal common problem in industry. There have been studies on PID control for multivariable processes and they provide some useful design tools for certaincases. But itis notedthat the existing worksaremainlyfor decentralized form of PID control and based on ad hoc methodologies. Obvious, multivariable PID control is much less understood and developed in comparison with the single variable case and actual need for industrial applications. Better theory and design have to be established for multivariable PID control to reach the same maturity and popularity as the single variable case. The present monograph puts together, in a single volume, a fairly comp- hensive, up-to-date and detailed treatment of PID control for multivariable p- cesses, from paring, gain and phase margins, to various design methods and applications.

First placed on the market in 1939, the design of PID controllers remains a challenging area that requires new approaches to solving PID tuning problems while capturing the effects of noise and process variations. The augmented complexity of modern applications concerning areas like automotive applications, microsystems technology, pneumatic mechanisms, dc motors, industry processes, require controllers that incorporate into their design important characteristics of the systems. These characteristics include but are not limited to: model uncertainties, system's nonlinearities, time delays, disturbance rejection requirements and performance criteria. The scope of this book is to propose different PID controllers designs for numerous modern technology applications in order to cover the needs of an audience including researchers, scholars and professionals who are interested in advances in PID controllers and related topics.

This book presents comprehensive information on the relay auto-tuning method for unstable systems in process control industries, and introduces a new, refined Ziegler-Nichols method for designing controllers for unstable systems. The relay auto-tuning method is intended to assist graduate students in chemical, electrical, electronics and instrumentation engineering who are engaged in advanced process control. The book’s main focus is on developing a controller tuning method for scalar and multivariable systems, particularly for unstable processes. It proposes a much simpler technique, avoiding the shortcomings of the popular relay-tuning method. The effects of higher-order harmonics are incorporated, owing to the shape of output waveforms. In turn, the book demonstrates the applicability and effectiveness of the Ziegler-Nichols method through simulations on a number of linear and non-linear unstable systems, confirming that it delivers better performance and robust stability in the presence of uncertainty. The proposed method can also be easily implemented across industries with the help of various auto-tuners available on the market. Offering a professional and modern perspective on profitably and efficiently automating controller tuning, the book will be of interest to graduate students, researchers, and industry professionals alike.

Recently, a great deal of effort has been dedicated to capitalising on advances in mathematical control theory in conjunction with tried-and-tested classical control structures particularly with regard to the enhanced robustness and tighter control of modern PID controllers. Much of the research in this field and that of the operational autonomy of PID controllers has already been translated into useful new functions for industrial controllers. This book covers the important knowledge relating to the background, application, and design of, and advances in PID controllers in a unified and comprehensive treatment including: Evolution and components of PID controllers Classical and Modern PID controller design Automatic Tuning Multi-loop Control Practical issues concerned with PID control The book is intended to be useful to a wide spectrum of readers interested in PID control ranging from practising technicians and engineers to graduate and undergraduate students.