This comprehensive book is specially developed for the M.A. Political Science candidates of Delhi University for Entrance Test. This book includes Study Material, Previous Paper (Solved) for the purpose of practice of questions based on the latest pattern of the examination. Detailed Explanatory Answers have also been provided for the selected questions for Better Understanding of the Candidates.

Present book has been specially published for the aspirants of Entrance Exam for admission to M.A. (International Relations and Area Studies) course conducted by the Jawaharlal Nehru University, Delhi. Salient Features of the Book: - The book comprises, along with the Specialised Study Material, Solved Previous Year Paper to make you well-conversant with the exam pattern, the type of questions asked and their appropriate answers for Better Understanding. - The book contains ample Study and Practice Material with numerous Multiple Choice Question-Answers on all the relevant chapters & topics. - Both the Study and Practice Material have been prepared by learned Subject-expert. The book will serve both as Study Material and a True Test of your preparation for the exam. - It is believed, the book will prove very useful for study, practice and during precious moments before the exam for reference and revision. It is highly recommended to Sharpen your Problem Solving Skills with thorough practice of numerous questions provided in the book, and prepare yourself to face the exam with Confidence, Successfully. While the specialised study and practice material of this book is aimed to professionally guide you for the exam, your own intelligent study and practice in harmony with this will Ensure you a definite Success in your endeavour and a seat in the Prestigious Course.

Western Political Thought: From Plato to Marx is a lucid and comprehensive account of political thought that stretches from ancient Greece to the nineteenth century. Analysing political philosophies chronologically, this book offers valuable insights into the political structures of societies across the ages, and presents a wide perspective on the various social and political ideologies. Each of the 12 chapters contains excerpts from the original works by the philosophers, comprehensive reading list, and thought provoking questions on the philosophies discussed.

The present book is specially published for the aspirants of MA (History) Entrance Exam conducted by the University of Delhi. The book comprises, the Latest Practice Material in the form of Solved Multiple Choice Questions to make you well-conversant with the type of questions asked in the exam, with their answers which have been provided by subject-experts for Better Understanding. The book is highly recommended to Enhance your Problem Solving Skills with thorough practice of numerous questions provided in the book, and prepare you to face the exam with Confidence, Successfully. Based on the Current Pattern of exam, the book will prove very useful to you for study, practice and during the precious moments before the exam. The book contains sufficient Practice Material and Exhaustive Exercises with Numerous Multiple Choice Question-Answers along with a Special Section of Important Questions selected from Previous Years' Papers and solved by subject-experts. While the objective practice material of this book is aimed to Mentor you to Success, your own intelligence and practice, in Synergy with this, will definitely Ensure you a seat in the Prestigious Course, paving the way for a Magnificent Career.

. Renewal of Life by Transmission. The most notable distinction between living and inanimate things is that the former maintain themselves by renewal. A stone when struck resists. If its resistance is greater than the force of the blow struck, it remains outwardly unchanged. Otherwise, it is shattered into smaller bits. Never does the stone attempt to react in such a way that it may maintain itself against the blow, much less so as to render the blow a contributing factor to its own continued action. While the living thing may easily be crushed by superior force, it none the less tries to turn the energies which act upon it into means of its own further existence. If it cannot do so, it does not just split into smaller pieces (at least in the higher forms of life), but loses its identity as a living thing. As long as it endures, it struggles to use surrounding energies in its own behalf. It uses light, air, moisture, and the material of soil. To say that it uses them is to say that it turns them into means of its own conservation. As long as it is growing, the energy it expends in thus turning the environment to account is more than compensated for by the return it gets: it grows. Understanding the word "control" in this sense, it may be said that a living being is one that subjugates and controls for its own continued activity the energies that would otherwise use it up. Life is a self-renewing process through action upon the environment.