In 2005, 20 different states and the City of New York followed California's lead and passed laws seeking to require entities collecting or storing personally identifiable information to notify the subjects of the information if that information allows unauthorized third parties access to that information. There are now 21 different state laws on the subject, many with very different requirements. Federal legislation is hoped for, but passage of broadly preemptive federal legislation is far from certain. This book provides comprehensive guidance to all 21 state (and one local) legislative efforts at breach notification statutes, categorizes the various aspects of such statutes and specifically describes how each different state deals with each aspect. It points out the similarities and differences of each state law. The approach is simply a detailed summary of each different legislative scheme.

Cyber security has become a topic of concern over the past decade as private industry, public administration, commerce, and communication have gained a greater online presence. As many individual and organizational activities continue to evolve in the digital sphere, new vulnerabilities arise. Cyber Security and Threats: Concepts, Methodologies, Tools, and Applications contains a compendium of the latest academic material on new methodologies and applications in the areas of digital security and threats. Including innovative studies on cloud security, online threat protection, and cryptography, this multi-volume book is an ideal source for IT specialists, administrators, researchers, and students interested in uncovering new ways to thwart cyber breaches and protect sensitive digital information.

When polluted air mixes with rain, snow, and fog, acid precipitation forms. This acidity has caused people to worry about the environment. Another concern is its effect on historic buildings and monuments. This booklet focuses on acid rain and its impact on our Nation¿s capital. In 1997, rain in Washington, D.C., had an average acidity of 4.2, about as acid as a carbonated drink and more than 10 times as acid as clean, unpolluted rain. This booklet defines acid rain, explains what effects it has on marble and limestone buildings, and shows, on a walking tour, some of the places in our Nation¿s capital where you can see the impact of acid precipitation. Includes a Glossary of Geologic and Architectural Terms and a map. Color photos.

Web-based connections permeate our lives - and so do data breaches. Given that we must be online for basic communication, finance, healthcare, and more, it is remarkable how many problems there are with cybersecurity. Despite the passage of many data security laws, data breaches are increasingat a record pace. In Breached!, Daniel Solove and Woodrow Hartzog, two of the world's leading experts on cybersecurity and privacy issues, argue that the law fails because, ironically, it focuses too much on the breach itself.Drawing insights from many fascinating stories about data breaches, Solove and Hartzog show how major breaches could have been prevented through inexpensive, non-cumbersome means. They also reveal why the current law is counterproductive. It pummels organizations that have suffered a breach, butdoesn't recognize other contributors to the breach. These outside actors include software companies that create vulnerable software, device companies that make insecure devices, government policymakers who write regulations that increase security risks, organizations that train people to engage inrisky behaviors, and more.The law's also ignores the role that good privacy practices can play. Although humans are the weakest link for data security, the law remains oblivious to the fact that policies and technologies are often designed with a poor understanding of human behavior. Breached! corrects this course byfocusing on the human side of security. This book sets out a holistic vision for data security law - one that holds all actors accountable, understands security broadly and in relationship to privacy, looks to prevention rather than reaction, and is designed with people in mind. The book closes witha roadmap for how we can reboot law and policy surrounding cybersecurity so that breaches become much rarer events.

As identity theft and corporate data vulnerability continue to escalate, corporations must protect both the valuable consumer data they collect and their own intangible assets. Both Congress and the states have passed laws to improve practices, but the rate of data loss persists unabated and companies remain slow to invest in information security. Engaged in a bottom-up investigation, Harboring Data reveals the emergent nature of data leakage and vulnerability, as well as some of the areas where our current regulatory frameworks fall short. With insights from leading academics, information security professionals, and other area experts, this original work explores the business, legal, and social dynamics behind corporate information leakage and data breaches. The authors reveal common mistakes companies make, which breaches go unreported despite notification statutes, and surprising weaknesses in the federal laws that regulate financial data privacy, children's data collection, and health data privacy. This forward-looking book will be vital to meeting the increasing information security concerns that new data-intensive business models will have.

CYBERSECURITY LAW Learn to protect your clients with this definitive guide to cybersecurity law in this fully-updated third edition Cybersecurity is an essential facet of modern society, and as a result, the application of security measures that ensure the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of data is crucial. Cybersecurity can be used to protect assets of all kinds, including data, desktops, servers, buildings, and most importantly, humans. Understanding the ins and outs of the legal rules governing this important field is vital for any lawyer or other professionals looking to protect these interests. The thoroughly revised and updated Cybersecurity Law offers an authoritative guide to the key statutes, regulations, and court rulings that pertain to cybersecurity, reflecting the latest legal developments on the subject. This comprehensive text deals with all aspects of cybersecurity law, from data security and enforcement actions to anti-hacking laws, from surveillance and privacy laws to national and international cybersecurity law. New material in this latest edition includes many expanded sections, such as the addition of more recent FTC data security consent decrees, including Zoom, SkyMed, and InfoTrax. Readers of the third edition of Cybersecurity Law will also find: An all-new chapter focused on laws related to ransomware and the latest attacks that compromise the availability of data and systems New and updated sections on new data security laws in New York and Alabama, President Biden’s cybersecurity executive order, the Supreme Court’s first opinion interpreting the Computer Fraud and Abuse Act, American Bar Association guidance on law firm cybersecurity, Internet of Things cybersecurity laws and guidance, the Cybersecurity Maturity Model Certification, the NIST Privacy Framework, and more New cases that feature the latest findings in the constantly evolving cybersecurity law space An article by the author of this textbook, assessing the major gaps in U.S. cybersecurity law A companion website for instructors that features expanded case studies, discussion questions by chapter, and exam questions by chapter Cybersecurity Law is an ideal textbook for undergraduate and graduate level courses in cybersecurity, cyber operations, management-oriented information technology (IT), and computer science. It is also a useful reference for IT professionals, government personnel, business managers, auditors, cybersecurity insurance agents, and academics in these fields, as well as academic and corporate libraries that support these professions.