Representing a significant survey and evaluation of major media literacy projects in the U.S. and selected countries throughout the world, this book covers all aspects of critical viewing skills. It provides comprehensive, theoretical and historical background about the field, the criteria for its evaluation, and various structured programs including the CVS projects and programs sponsored by school districts, individuals, non-governmental national organizations, and private companies. The book can serve as a guide for curriculum planners as well as teachers in the classroom and adult workshops -- and also parents and individual adult viewers -- in applying the best match of theories, practices, readings, and specific exercises to monitor and enhance television's role.

Designed to increase adults' understanding of television and to develop their critical viewing skills, this text explores persuasion and presentation techniques, the programming policy of television stations, and potential effects of violence, sex, and commercials on the viewer. Also presents critical awareness exercises. The book does not advocate turning off the set, but, rather, encourages self-control.

In our papers on the rationality of magic, we distinghuished, for purposes of analysis, three levels of rationality. First and lowest (rationalitYl) the goal directed action of an agent with given aims and circumstances, where among his circumstances we included his knowledge and opinions. On this level the magician's treatment of illness by incantation is as rational as any traditional doctor's blood-letting or any modern one's use of anti-biotics. At the second level (rationalitY2) we add the element of rational thinking or thinking which obeys some set of explicit rules, a level which is not found in magic in general, though it is sometimes given to specific details of magical thinking within the magical thought-system. It was the late Sir Edward E. Evans-Pritchard who observed that when considering magic in detail the magician may be as consistent or critical as anyone else; but when considering magic in general, or any system of thought in general, the magician could not be critical or even comprehend the criticism. Evans-Pritchard went even further: he was sceptical as to whether it could be done in a truly consistent manner: one cannot be critical of one's own system, he thought. On this level (rationalitY2) of discussion we have explained (earlier) why we prefer to wed Evans Pritchard's view of the magician's capacity for piece-meal rationality to Sir James Frazer's view that magic in general is pseudo-rational because it lacks standards of rational thinking.

The shift from the model of central government educational control to school- based management has been widely adopted and acclaimed and has created the general impression of increased democracy and participation.; The international contributors to this book tackle this important policy issue and look behind the scenes of the moves towards school self- management. They investigate the phenomenon of the self-managing school, Why It Is Happening Now, What Is The Truth Behind This Notion And The problems which lie behind devolution and self-management.; The self- managing school, it is claimed is not about "grassroots democracy" or "parent participation" but absolutely the reverse and this contradiction is best understood in terms of the ideology of the New Right. Enlightened and informed perspectives of the reality behind school self-management suggest that the devolution of power is only superficial. Hierarchies continue to exist as unequally funded schools which perpetuate class, gender and ethnic divisions. The mechanism involved promotes the Survivial Of The Fittest Through Notions Of Choice.; For Those Involved in school management and education generally, this book should provide a useful insight into the struggle surrounding the control of schooling.

This essay is a critique of the dogmatic theses of Saint Thomas Aquinas in the scientific, philosophical and theological fields. His scientific theses come directly from Aristotle. None of them have stood the test of time. They all appeared false one after the other. His philosophy is that of Aristotle . Saint Thomas Aquinas knew admirably how to escape the trap of materialism where the only reason has always led and in particular Aristotle's system. Was he thus able to escape the absurd? As for theology, it is mainly about predestination and freewill, which only makes sense in relation to the judgment of good and evil. It is very doubtful whether the rationalist approach could have led to theological truths.