Violence and trauma are growing global problems. From the impacts of geopolitical forces to structural violence to the local effects of interpersonal violence, trauma is ubiquitous in our society. Existing trauma systems everywhere are expanding to meet the needs of injured patients. Unfortunately, in some places, adequate resources are not in place to provide modern trauma care. Until very recently, this absence of resources existed on the South Side of Chicago. For three decades, the South Side of Chicago was a relative trauma “desert”. In 2018, the University of Chicago Medicine opened a modern adult trauma center in an area that previously suffered from a relative lack of access to adult trauma care. This book will provide the reader with an understanding of the journey the University of Chicago went through to develop a modern trauma center where there previously was nothing. It will chart a journey through the history on the South Side of Chicago and will provide an understanding of the proper needs assessment that goes into planning a new trauma center. It will describe the implementation of the multi-disciplinary teams needed to provide modern trauma care. It will then describe the effects of this trauma center and its future directions. As many places are struggling with caring for increasing levels of violence, there likely will be a need for others to go through a similar developmental process. Sharing the experience of the University of Chicago Medicine going from a non-trauma hospital to the busiest trauma center in Chicago, we hope that this book will provide some guidance to others and accompany you on one’s journey.

Advances in trauma care have accelerated over the past decade, spurred by the significant burden of injury from the wars in Afghanistan and Iraq. Between 2005 and 2013, the case fatality rate for United States service members injured in Afghanistan decreased by nearly 50 percent, despite an increase in the severity of injury among U.S. troops during the same period of time. But as the war in Afghanistan ends, knowledge and advances in trauma care developed by the Department of Defense (DoD) over the past decade from experiences in Afghanistan and Iraq may be lost. This would have implications for the quality of trauma care both within the DoD and in the civilian setting, where adoption of military advances in trauma care has become increasingly common and necessary to improve the response to multiple civilian casualty events. Intentional steps to codify and harvest the lessons learned within the military's trauma system are needed to ensure a ready military medical force for future combat and to prevent death from survivable injuries in both military and civilian systems. This will require partnership across military and civilian sectors and a sustained commitment from trauma system leaders at all levels to assure that the necessary knowledge and tools are not lost. A National Trauma Care System defines the components of a learning health system necessary to enable continued improvement in trauma care in both the civilian and the military sectors. This report provides recommendations to ensure that lessons learned over the past decade from the military's experiences in Afghanistan and Iraq are sustained and built upon for future combat operations and translated into the U.S. civilian system.

This book is a quick guide to the key components of trauma center administration, management, and patient care. This book provides essential information for hospitals working toward trauma center designation, and for established trauma centers who want to improve their performance. This book provides trauma center personnel with a comprehensive overview of trauma center administrative structure, basic clinical operations, performance improvement and site visit preparation and examines the most common critical injuries seen by trauma centers to demonstrate how a properly functioning center addresses multiple priorities in critically ill patients. This book provides critical information for hospitals looking toward becoming a trauma center and established trauma centers that wants to improve their performance.

Early Thoughts on Creating Comprehensive Trauma Centers This volume has been many years in writing. When Dr. Donald Meichenbaum first suggested it and I approached my coauthor Lasse Nurmi, it did not seem to be as formidable a task as it has become. Interviewing the centers in this book has taken years-to get responses, to summarize those responses, and to return the summaries for further comment. Many centers have been created in that time; others have suspended operation. This volume does not claim to present even a majority of those centers. However, the ones contained herein are representative of "what is out there. " The idea to create a comprehensive trauma center is not new. The initial section of this forward examines thoughts I proposed as part of my compre hensive examination for my doctorate. Many of the ideas proposed then (1989) seem to fit now. It is my dream to put them into practice someday in the future. THE COMPREHENSIVE EXAMINATION QUESTION In 1989, one question on the written comprehensive examination ques tions for my doctorate was, "If you were to create a comprehensive trauma center in your suburban area, making use of what you have learned in your [doctoral] experience, describe the organization of that center, the mission, structure, personnel, funding, objectives, and services it would offer. " Some of the conclusions reached then now seem applicable to the task at hand: design ing comprehensive trauma centers (CTCs) for the 21st century.

Injuries are the leading cause of death and disability among people under age 35 in the United States. Despite great strides in injury prevention over the decades, injuries result in 150,000 deaths, 2.6 million hospitalizations, and 36 million visits to the emergency room each year. Reducing the Burden of Injury describes the cost and magnitude of the injury problem in America and looks critically at the current response by the public and private sectors, including: Data and surveillance needs. Research priorities. Trauma care systems development. Infrastructure support, including training for injury professionals. Firearm safety. Coordination among federal agencies. The authors define the field of injury and establish boundaries for the field regarding intentional injuries. This book highlights the crosscutting nature of the injury field, identifies opportunities to leverage resources and expertise of the numerous parties involved, and discusses issues regarding leadership at the federal level.

Children represent a special challenge for emergency care providers, because they have unique medical needs in comparison to adults. For decades, policy makers and providers have recognized the special needs of children, but the system has been slow to develop an adequate response to their needs. This is in part due to inadequacies within the broader emergency care system. Emergency Care for Children examines the challenges associated with the provision of emergency services to children and families and evaluates progress since the publication of the Institute of Medicine report Emergency Medical Services for Children (1993), the first comprehensive look at pediatric emergency care in the United States. This new book offers an analysis of: • The role of pediatric emergency services as an integrated component of the overall health system. • System-wide pediatric emergency care planning, preparedness, coordination, and funding. • Pediatric training in professional education. • Research in pediatric emergency care. Emergency Care for Children is one of three books in the Future of Emergency Care series. This book will be of particular interest to emergency health care providers, professional organizations, and policy makers looking to address the pediatric deficiencies within their emergency care systems.