On cover: Health protection of the consumer

The demand for flavourings has been constantly increasing over the last years as a result of the dramatic changes caused by a more and more industrialised life-style: The consumer is drawn to interesting, healthy, pleasurable, exciting or completely new taste experiences. This book draws on the expert knowledge of nearly 40 contributors with backgrounds in both industry and academia and provides a comprehensive insight into the production, processing and application of various food flavourings. Established flavours produced commercially are summarized on a large scale. Methods of quality control and quality management are discussed in detail. The authors also focus on conventional and innovative analytical methods employed in this field and, last but not least, on toxicological, legal, and ethical aspects. Up-to-date references to pertinent literature and an in-depth subject index complete the book.

The Committee of Experts on Flavouring Substances of the Council of Europe has engaged in a major review of the safety-in-use of over 600 natural flavouring source materials. This book provides safety-in-use evaluations of the first set of 101 source materials.Natural sources of flavourings are materials of vegetable or animal origin, whether or not they are normally consumed as food, from which flavourings may be obtained. The committee of experts has predominantly evaluated materials in the raw or dried state, with the exception of certain special products, such as vanilla, cocoa and black pepper, which are traditionally processed (e.g. fermented) before their use as source materials.Each source species is identified primarily by its systematic name based on the botanical nomenclature of Zander or, where the source species is not listed in that reference book, using that of Mansfeld. Source species not listed in either book are treated on a case-by-case basis. Synonyms in English, French, German, Italian, Spanish are noted under each respective language.Each datasheet indicates the parts used and provides a list of the "important constituents", including the known "active principles" and "other chemical components", found in each part of the plant and/or preparation used in flavourings. Where possible, the levels at which the various constituents are present in the parts/preparations are given and the main food categories in which parts/preparations are used are listed. The types of preparation made from each part are stated, e.g. oleoresin, extract, etc.Main toxicological data are indicated such as metabolism; sub-acute and sub-chronic toxicity; chronic toxicity; carcinogenicity; reproductive and teratogenicity studies; mutagenicity; other relevant studies, e.g. photosensitivity and beneficial effects.National and international evaluations are specified, together with the main references and databases used.

These guidelines, aimed at governments, and in particular cosmetics manufacturers, in order to improve public health safety, offer organisational and practical advice on the management of the human, technical and administrative factors affecting product quality. They describe the manufacturing conditions and management activities involved in the different stages of production, from the purchase of the raw materials to the dispatch of the packaged end-products.

Food flavour technology is of key importance for the food industry.Increasingly, food products must comply with legal requirements andconform to consumer demands for “natural” products, butthe simple fact is that, if foods do not taste good, they will notbe consumed and any nutritional benefit will be lost. Thereis therefore keen interest throughout the world in the production,utilisation and analysis of flavours. The second edition of this successful book offers a broadintroduction to the formulation, origins, analysis and performanceof food flavours, updating the original chapters and addingvaluable new material that introduces some of the newermethodologies and recent advances. The creation of flavourings is the starting point for the book,outlining the methodology and constraints faced byflavourists. Further constraints are considered in a chapterdealing with international legislation. The origins of flavours aredescribed in three chapters covering thermal generation,biogeneration and natural sources, keeping in mind the adjustmentsthat manufacturers have had to make to their raw materials andprocesses to meet the demand for natural products whilst complyingwith cost issues. Delivery of flavours using encapsulation orthrough an understanding of the properties of the food matrix isdescribed in the next two chapters, and this section is followed bychapters describing the different ways to analyse flavours usinginstrumental, modelling and sensory techniques. The book is aimedat food scientists and technologists, ingredients suppliers,quality assurance personnel, analytical chemists andbiotechnologists.