In this paper, cosine exponential distance among single valued neutrosophic multi sets is proposed and some of its properties are discussed herein. The concept of the above method is an essential tool for dealing with uncertainties and shortcomings that affect the existing methods. Implementation of medical diagnosis is presented to find out the disease impacting the patient.

Neutrosophic set (NS) is very useful to express incomplete, uncertainty, and inconsistent information in a more general way.

“Neutrosophic Sets and Systems” has been created for publications on advanced studies in neutrosophy, neutrosophic set, neutrosophic logic, neutrosophic probability, neutrosophic statistics that started in 1995 and their applications in any field, such as the neutrosophic structures developed in algebra, geometry, topology, etc. Neutrosophy is a new branch of philosophy that studies the origin, nature, and scope of neutralities, as well as their interactions with different ideational spectra. This theory considers every notion or idea together with its opposite or negation and with their spectrum of neutralities in between them (i.e. notions or ideas supporting neither nor ). The and ideas together are referred to as . Neutrosophy is a generalization of Hegel's dialectics (the last one is based on and only). According to this theory every idea tends to be neutralized and balanced by and ideas - as a state of equilibrium. In a classical way , , are disjoint two by two. But, since in many cases the borders between notions are vague, imprecise, Sorites, it is possible that , , (and of course) have common parts two by two, or even all three of them as well. Neutrosophic Set and Neutrosophic Logic are generalizations of the fuzzy set and respectively fuzzy logic (especially of intuitionistic fuzzy set and respectively intuitionistic fuzzy logic).

Cut sets, decomposition theorem and representation theorem have a great influence on the realization of the transformation of fuzzy sets and classical sets, and the single-valued neutrosophic multisets (SVNMSs) as the generalization of fuzzy sets, which cut sets, decomposition theorem and representation theorem have the similar effects, so they need to be studied in depth. In this paper, the decomposition theorem, representation theorem and the application of a new similarity measures of SVNMSs are studied by using theoretical analysis and calculations. The following are the main results: (1) The notions, operation and operational properties of the cut sets and strong cut sets of SVNMSs are introduced and discussed; (2) The decomposition theorem and representation theorem of SVNMSs are established and rigorously proved.

In this paper, we have investigated single valued neutrosophic multisets in detail. Several operations have been de ned on them and their important algebraic properties are studied.We have further introduced the notion of distance and similarity measures between two single valued neutrosophic multisets. An application of single valued neutrosophic multisets in medical diagnosis has been discussed.

In this paper, we define a rough cosine similarity measure between two rough neutrosophic sets. The notions of rough neutrosophic sets (RNS) will be used as vector representations in 3D-vector space. The rating of all elements in RNS is expressed with the upper and lower approximation operator and the pair of neutrosophic sets which are characterized by truth-membership degree, indeterminacy-membership degree, and falsity-membership degree. A numerical example of the medical diagnosis is provided to show the effectiveness and flexibility of the proposed method.

When a physician carries out the clinical survey of a patient with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) symptoms to reach the initial evaluation/diagnosis of BPH, the existing initial evaluation method of BPH based on the international prostate symptom score (I-PSS) usually uses the objective evaluation/diagnosis method with crisp values without considering fuzzy information.