This book is the leading account of contract law in England and Wales in relation to implied terms. Implied terms are not only frequently of great importance in litigation, but can assist business parties in planning contracts effectively by allowing them to identify issues over which they do not need to negotiate because they would be content with the terms the law would imply. Distinct commercial advantages of this approach can include savings of management time in negotiating and avoiding trade-off costs demanded by counterparties in exchange for agreeing an express term.

Bringing together leading commercial and contract law scholars from the United Kingdom and United States, Comparative Contract Law: British and American Perspectives offers an insightful and comprehensive assessment of the commonalities and divergences in the contract law of these two jurisdictions. Approaching the subject area from a variety of perspectives - doctrinal analysis, behavioral analysis, law and economics, and theoretical - the book examines familiar areas of contract law as practiced in the UK and US. Topics include contract theory and structure; contract formation and defects of consent; policing contracts and the duty of good faith; contract interpretation; damages; speciality contracts; and legal reform. The volume provides a thorough assessment of the current state of commercial contract law in the UK and US, and addresses the strengths and weaknesses of the national and European approaches to many issues of contract law. In particular it focuses on how commercial contract law should be improved, and whether harmonization of the different contract law regimes is a suitable, and appropriate, solution.

A Restatement of the English Law of Contract is the second Restatement of English law undertaken by Andrew Burrows following on the success of A Restatement of the English Law of Unjust Enrichment (OUP, 2012). Designed to enhance the accessibility of the common law the Restatement comprises a number of clear succinct rules, fully explained by a supporting commentary, which set out the general law of contract in England and Wales. Written by one of the leading authorities in this area, in collaboration with an advisory group of senior judges, academics, and legal practitioners, the Restatement offers a novel and powerfully persuasive statement of the law in this central area of English law. All lawyers dealing with the English law of contract, whether as practitioners, judges, academics, or law students, cannot but benefit from this Restatement. The English law of contract is one of the most respected systems of contract law in the world and by the device of a 'choice of law' clause is often chosen by foreign commercial parties as the applicable law to govern their contract. One of the aims of the Restatement is for the reader, including those from civil law jurisdictions, to see quickly and easily how the different elements of the English law of contract fit together.

This book discusses the principles and rules of general contract law in England & Wales. It examines the key points and rules of contract law, starting with the formation of the contract and ending with the remedies for breach of contract. In this it follows the structure most used in contract law modules at universities. Please also note that this book takes into account developments of the law up until July 2021. Contract law is a core module in legal higher education in the UK. Contract law is also an important basis for many other law modules including maritime law, company law, commercial law, and arbitration law. This book gives a clear oversight of the main issues of key contract law topics. It summarises the issues in a concise and precise manner and uses practical examples throughout to clarify how the law is applied. Key cases are used to explain and illustrate the principles of the law. This book is an ideal companion guide for exam revisions. The chapters follow a question-and-answer model that makes it easy to find information on a specific issue. The chapters end with a problem-solving scenario on key issues of the topic and a list with key cases which will be helpful in preparing for examinations. At the end of the book, you find a further reading list and a set of sample multiple-choice questions which can be used to help prepare for the first stage of the SQE examination that will be introduced in September 2021. “Contract Law is generally taught as a first-year subject which could be a daunting subject. This book helps students to revise this subject effectively as it brings together all key areas of contract law that a student should be familiar with when preparing for examinations, drafting coursework, and preparing for seminars. It examines the key points and rules of contract law, starting with the formation of the contract and ending with the remedies for breach of contract. The book is written in plain language in the form of questions and answers. It is detailed without being too long, succinct but covers all key cases and developments in the area. The multiple-choice questions at the end of the book are very beneficial for students preparing for the SQE and exams that follow a similar format. I would recommend this book wholeheartedly.” – Dr Aysem Diker Vanberg, Lecturer in Law, Goldsmiths, University of London CONTENTS: Abbreviations About the author Foreword CHAPTER I Introduction CHAPTER II Offer and Acceptance CHAPTER III Intentions to Create Legal Relations & Certainty CHAPTER IV Consideration & Promissory Estoppel CHAPTER V Rights of Third Parties CHAPTER VI Capacity CHAPTER VII Terms of the Contract CHAPTER VIII Exemption Clauses and Unfair Terms CHAPTER IX Duress and Undue Influence CHAPTER X Misrepresentation CHAPTER XI Mistake CHAPTER XII Frustration CHAPTER XIII Breach of Contract and Remedies SUMMARY: SAMPLE MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS ANSWERS RECOMMENDED READING LIST INDEX

Derived from the renowned multi-volume International Encyclopaedia of Laws, this practical analysis of the law of contracts in England and Wales covers every aspect of the subject – definition and classification of contracts, contractual liability, relation to the law of property, good faith, burden of proof, defects, penalty clauses, arbitration clauses, remedies in case of non-performance, damages, power of attorney, and much more. Lawyers who handle transnational contracts will appreciate the explanation of fundamental differences in terminology, application, and procedure from one legal system to another, as well as the international aspects of contract law. Throughout the book, the treatment emphasizes drafting considerations. An introduction in which contracts are defined and contrasted to torts, quasi-contracts, and property is followed by a discussion of the concepts of ‘consideration’ or ‘cause’ and other underlying principles of the formation of contract. Subsequent chapters cover the doctrines of ‘relative effect’, termination of contract, and remedies for non-performance. The second part of the book, recognizing the need to categorize an agreement as a specific contract in order to determine the rules which apply to it, describes the nature of agency, sale, lease, building contracts, and other types of contract. Facts are presented in such a way that readers who are unfamiliar with specific terms and concepts in varying contexts will fully grasp their meaning and significance. Its succinct yet scholarly nature, as well as the practical quality of the information it provides, make this book a valuable time-saving tool for business and legal professionals alike. Lawyers representing parties with interests in England and Wales will welcome this very useful guide, and academics and researchers will appreciate its value in the study of comparative contract law.

As the COVID-19 pandemic continues to take its toll, contractual parties have frequently faced significant obstacles in performing their contractual obligations due to unexpected impediments arising from the pandemic and government measures taken in response. This indispensable book – the most comprehensive comparative examination of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on contractual performance – discusses the legal provisions and doctrines available to address these issues. The book examines under what circumstances COVID-19-related impediments may excuse contractual performance or lead to modification or termination of the affected contractual obligations in twelve representative civil and common law jurisdictions – the United States, England and Wales, Singapore, Brazil, Germany, France, Switzerland, Austria, Hong Kong, Costa Rica, China, and Russia. For each country, the book examines the following aspects in depth: the relevant fundamental legal principles; the various legal emergency valves available to an obligor to respond to COVID-19-related events; any remedies available to the obligee; selected examples for specific government measures related to particular types of contracts (e.g., construction, employment, lease agreements); and how the legal framework applies in typical factual scenarios. As further legal and factual developments occur, and with further jurisdictions being added, this publication will continue to be updated both online and in print. The book provides a detailed explanation under what conditions the emergency valves specific to each jurisdiction may apply. It cuts through the seeming complexity of the various legal rules and doctrines in these jurisdictions and shows that they often produce similar results in practice. The book thus opens up a wealth of insights for businesses, practitioners, and academics around the globe by providing an easily accessible analytical framework across key jurisdictions and typical factual scenarios. ‘Definitely mandatory reading for practitioners and academics alike!’ –Klaus Peter Berger, University of Cologne ‘Everyone who has had or is likely to have a brush with a COVID-19-induced legal issue would be well advised to keep this book within arm’s reach.’ – Davinder Singh, Davinder Singh Chambers LLC, Singapore ‘The “holy book” for all those lawyers whose clients become ensnared in the rising attempts to fix legal liability midst the rampant COVID-19.’ – Charles Brower, Twenty Essex, London

Principles of the English Law of Obligations provides students with a high-quality overview of this key area of English law. Drawing together updated chapters from the third edition of English Private Law, the subjects covered include contract, tort and equitable wrongs, unjust enrichment, and remedies. Written by a team of acknowledged experts, the chapters give a clear, simple, and accurate overview of the guiding principles and rules of the English law of obligations, including contract and tort, which are compulsory subjects for law degrees and on professional courses. Whether looking for an accessible, conceptual introduction to the area or a handy revision reference, students will find this book invaluable.