The population of the United States is growing older. Because of the ageing of the population and the decline in income that occurs when people retire, both the amount and the composition of spending by American households could change substantially as the 76 million members of the baby boom generation reach retirement age. This book presents data on spending by Americans aged 55 and older collected by the U S Department of Labor through its Consumer Expenditure Survey (CES). From 1985 to 2005, the average annual expenditures of older Americans rose along with their incomes, and the distribution of spending among expenditure categories changed. These changes were the result of changing tastes and preferences among consumers and differences in the rates of price increase among various classes of goods and services.

Because of the aging of the population and the decline in income that occurs when people retire, both the amount and the composition of spending by American households could change substantially as the 76 million members of the baby boom generation reach retirement age. [...] Amount (in 2005 Dollars) Amount (in 2005 Dollars) CRS-9 Changes in Spending, by Share of Total Expenditures Families Headed by Persons Aged 55 to 64 In both 1985 and 2005, the three largest categories of expenditure among families headed by persons between the ages of 55 and 64 were housing, transportation, and food. [...] As shown in the data presented in Figure 7 and Figure 8, among families headed by persons between the ages of 55 and 64, the percentage of average expenditures attributable to housing rose from 29% in 1985 to 36% in 2005. [...] The data presented in Figure 11 and Figure 12 show that among families headed by persons aged 75 and older, the percentage of average expenditures attributable to housing rose from 34% in 1985 to 36% in 2005. [...] Looking at the second row of Table 2, we see that for an average family aging from the 55 to 64 age group in 1985 to the 75 and older age group in 2005, average housing expenditures would have risen from 29.6% of total spending in 1985 to 32.4% of spending in 1995 and to 36.4% of total spending in 2005.

Written for students of benefit design and policy, human resources and employee compensation, this book explains the basics of labor economics, human resource strategies, tax policies, metrics and actuarial science. Murphy (law and economics, Miami U., Ohio) uses case studies and examples for illustrating the proper strategies for benefit design including publicly funded retirement plans, health care programs, life insurance, equity benefits and disability plans. This text also compares benefit policy in Europe, the United States and the Pacific Rim for students who wish to practice human resources on an international level. Annotation ©2009 Book News, Inc., Portland, OR (booknews.com).

As the first of the nation's 78 million baby boomers begin reaching age 65 in 2011, they will face a health care workforce that is too small and woefully unprepared to meet their specific health needs. Retooling for an Aging America calls for bold initiatives starting immediately to train all health care providers in the basics of geriatric care and to prepare family members and other informal caregivers, who currently receive little or no training in how to tend to their aging loved ones. The book also recommends that Medicare, Medicaid, and other health plans pay higher rates to boost recruitment and retention of geriatric specialists and care aides. Educators and health professional groups can use Retooling for an Aging America to institute or increase formal education and training in geriatrics. Consumer groups can use the book to advocate for improving the care for older adults. Health care professional and occupational groups can use it to improve the quality of health care jobs.

The Consumer Expenditure (CE) surveys are the only source of information on the complete range of consumers' expenditures and incomes in the United States, as well as the characteristics of those consumers. The CE consists of two separate surveys: (1) a national sample of households interviewed five times at three-month intervals; and (2) a separate national sample of households that complete two consecutive one-week expenditure diaries. For more than 40 years, these surveys, the responsibility of the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), have been the principal source of knowledge about changing patterns of consumer spending in the U.S. population. In February 2009, BLS initiated the Gemini Project, the aim of which is to redesign the CE surveys to improve data quality through a verifiable reduction in measurement error with a particular focus on underreporting. The Gemini Project initiated a series of information-gathering meetings, conference sessions, forums, and workshops to identify appropriate strategies for improving CE data quality. As part of this effort, BLS requested the National Research Council's Committee on National Statistics (CNSTAT) to convene an expert panel to build on the Gemini Project by conducting further investigations and proposing redesign options for the CE surveys. The charge to the Panel on Redesigning the BLS Consumer Expenditure Surveys includes reviewing the output of a Gemini-convened data user needs forum and methods workshop and convening its own household survey producers workshop to obtain further input. In addition, the panel was tasked to commission options from contractors for consideration in recommending possible redesigns. The panel was further asked by BLS to create potential redesigns that would put a greater emphasis on proactive data collection to improve the measurement of consumer expenditures. Measuring What We Spend summarizes the deliberations and activities of the panel, discusses the conclusions about the uses of the CE surveys and why a redesign is needed, as well as recommendations for the future.

This series spans the globe presenting leading research in economics. It is perhaps a sign of the times that economic weapons such as sanctions seem to be as powerful as or more so than tanks. International applications and examples of economic progress are invaluable in a troubled world with economic booms bursting like so many penny balloons. Globalisation, outstanding and jobless recoveries present economic issues of concern to millions.

Family caregiving affects millions of Americans every day, in all walks of life. At least 17.7 million individuals in the United States are caregivers of an older adult with a health or functional limitation. The nation's family caregivers provide the lion's share of long-term care for our older adult population. They are also central to older adults' access to and receipt of health care and community-based social services. Yet the need to recognize and support caregivers is among the least appreciated challenges facing the aging U.S. population. Families Caring for an Aging America examines the prevalence and nature of family caregiving of older adults and the available evidence on the effectiveness of programs, supports, and other interventions designed to support family caregivers. This report also assesses and recommends policies to address the needs of family caregivers and to minimize the barriers that they encounter in trying to meet the needs of older adults.