Divided between two military alliances, Europe has maintained stability based on political status quo and military power balance. However, European states—including neutral and nonaligned countries—have felt a need for a common policy to guarantee their security, and the Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe (CSCE) was convened to address this concern. Ten years later, the authors of this study find that the outlines of a European security regime are indeed discernible. The conference in Helsinki initiated efforts for negotiated and controlled change in Europe. Contributors to this volume analyze the achievements of CSCE, consider more recent models of collective or common security systems, and deal with political and military processes at work in Europe as well as relationships with great powers and the Third World. The role of Western Europe, and particularly Finland's role as an initiator of the CSCE process, receives special attention. Documentation of the tenth anniversary meeting and the CSCE process in general are also included.

This thoroughly revised and updated edition is the most comprehensive and detailed reference ever published on United Nations. The book demystifies the complex workings of the world's most important and influential international body.

This compilation includes U.S. laws on human rights, basic U.N. human rights instruments, regional human rights instruments, laws of armed conflict and a description of human rights bodies established by U.S. laws or multilateral instruments. Includes an analysis of current U.S. legislation relating human rights to U.S. foreign policy by a Congressional Research Service analyst, covering the text of country-specific provisions in these laws.